de l'Assyrie et de la Chaldee_ (Paris, 1877); J. Kohler and
F. E. Peiser, _Aus dem babylonischen Rechtsleben_ (Leipzig, 1890 ff.);
F. E. Peiser, _Babylonische Vertrage_ (Berlin, 1890), _Keilinschriftliche
Actenstuecke_ (Berlin, 1889); Br. Meissner, _Beitraege zur altbabylonischen
Privatrecht_ (Leipzig, 1893); F. E. Peiser, "Texte juristischen und
geschaeftlichen Inhalts," vol. iv. of Schrader's _Keilinschriftliche
Bibliothek_ (Berlin, 1896); C. H. W. Johns, _Assyrian Deeds and Documents
relating to the Transfer of Property_ (3 vols., Cambridge, 1898); H. Radau,
_Early Babylonian History_ (New York, 1900); C. H. W. Johns, _Babylonian
and Assyrian Laws, Contracts and Letters_ (Edinburgh, 1904). For editions
of texts and the innumerable articles in scientific journals see the
bibliographies and references in the above works. "The Code of Hammurabi,"
_Editio princeps_, by V. Scheil in tome iv. of the _Textes
Elamites-Semitiques_ of the _Memoires de la delegation en Perse_ (Paris,
1902); H. Winckler, "Die Gesetze Hammurabis Koenigs von Babylon um 2250 v.
Chr." _Der alte Orient_, iv. Jahrgang, Heft 4; D. H. Mueller, _Die Gesetze
Hammurabis_ (Vienna, 1903); J. Kohler and F. E. Peiser, _Hammurabis Gesetz_
(Leipzig, 1904); R. F. Harper, _The Code of Hammurabi, King of Babylon
about 2250 B.C._ (Chicago, 1904); S. A. Cook, _The Laws of Moses and the
Code of Hammurabi_ (London, 1903).

(C. H. W. J.)

[1] For the transliteration of Babylonian and Assyrian names generally, see
BABYLONIA AND ASSYRIA, section ix., _Proper Names_.

BACAU, the capital of the department of Bacau, Rumania; situated among the
foothills of the Carpathian Mountains, and on the river Bistritza, which
enters the river Sereth 5 m. S. Pop. (1900) 16,187, including 7850 Jews.
Although of modern growth, Bacau is one of the chief commercial centres in
Moldavia, possessing many large timber yards. It is on the main railway
from Czernovitz, in Bukovina, to Galatz; and on two branch lines, one of
which enters Transylvania through the Ghimesh Pass, while both give access
to the salt mines, petroleum wells and forests of the Carpathians.

BACCARAT, a gambling card-game (origin of name unknown), supposed to have
been introduced into France from Italy during the reign of Charles VIII.
There are two accepted varieties of the game--_baccarat chemin de fer_
(railway) and _baccarat banque_ (or _a deux tableaux_). In _baccarat chemin
de fer_ six full packs of cards are used.