Ptolemaic Canon. In addition to the Kings' List, other
important chronological data consist of references in the classical
authorities to the chronological system of Berossus (_q.v._); chronological
references to earlier kings occurring in the later native inscriptions,
such as Nabonidus's estimate of the period of Khammurabi (or Hammuribi);
synchronisms, also furnished by the inscriptions, between kings of Babylon
and of Assyria; and the early Babylonian date-lists.

Dyn. I. Dyn. II. Dyn. III.
--------- -------- ------------
B.C. B.C. B.C.
Oppert (1888) 2506-2202 2202-1834 1834-1257
Sayce (1899) 2478-(2174) 2174-(1806) 1806-(1229)
" (1902) 2460-(2174) 2174-(1806) 1806-(1229)
Rogers (1900) 2454-2451 2150-1783 1782-1207
Winckler (1894) (2425-2120) 2120-1752 1752-1177
" (1892) 2403-2098 2098-1730 1729-1150
" (1905) c. 2400-2100 c. 2100-1700 c. 1700-1150
Delitzsch (1907) c. 2420-2120 c. 2120-(1752) (1752-1176)
" (1891) 2399-2094 2094-1726 1726-1150
Maspero (1897) 2416-2082 2082-1714 1714-(1137)
Lehmann-Haupt (1898) 2360-2057 2056-1689 1688-1113
" " (1903) 2296-2009/8 2008/7-1691 1690-1115
Marquart (1899) 2335-2051 2051/0-1694/3 1693/2-1118/7
Peiser (1891) 2051-1947 1947-1579 1579-1180
Rost (1897) 2232-1928 1928-1560 1560-1224
" (1900) 2231-1941 1940-1573 1572-1179
Hommel (1901) 2223-1923 (1923-1752) 1752-1175
or 2050-1752 " "
" (1895) 2058-1754 1753-1178
" (1886) 2035-1731 2403-2035 1731-1154
(1898) 1884-1580 1580-1180
Niebuhr (1896) 2193-1889 2114-1746 1746-1169

In view of the uncertainty regarding the length of Dynasties IV. and VIII.
of the Kings' List, attempts have been made to ascertain the dates of the
earlier dynasties by independent means. The major