and there is
no reason why other growers should not duplicate them.

[Illustration: Brown rot of plums showing the small, grayish brown tufts
of spores. Can be controlled by destroying mummies and thorough
spraying.]

The efficiency of various fungicides was tried. Self-boiled
lime-sulphur, 8-8-50; commercial lime-sulphur, 1 to 40; 2-4-50 and
3-4-50 Bordeaux; iron sulphide made up with 1 to 40 commercial
lime-sulphur, and iron sulphide made up with 10-10-50 self-boiled
lime-sulphur were tried and all gave good results. Commercial
lime-sulphur, 1 to 40, has been used in commercial orchards with
excellent results, and it will probably be used more than the other
spray mixtures because it is so easy to use. Possibly weaker solutions
of lime-sulphur would do just as well as 1 to 40. This will be
determined, if possible, during the summer of 1916.

Good results were obtained only when a high pressure was maintained in
spraying. There was a clearly observable difference between plots
sprayed with low pressure and those sprayed with a pressure of more than
175 pounds. For large orchards a power sprayer is desirable; for small
orchards a barrel sprayer with an air-pressure tank attached is large
enough. Such an outfit can be bought for $35 or $40 and can do good
work.

The cost of spraying three times should not exceed fifteen cents a tree.
The results from spraying orchards which contain a great deal of brown
rot and have never before been sprayed will probably not be so good the
first year as in better kept orchards, but by spraying regularly each
season the disease can be well controlled.

Mr. Cashman: Please state what you mean by 3-4-50 there.

Mr. Stakman: 3-4-50 Bordeaux mixture means three pounds of bluestone or
copper sulphate, four pounds of lime, and fifty gallons of water. The
copper sulphate should be dissolved in twenty-five gallons of water, the
best way being to put it into a sack and hang the sack in the water. The
lime should be slaked and then enough water added to make twenty-five
gallons of milk of lime. Here is where the important part of making up
the spray comes in. Two people should work together and pour the milk of
lime and the bluestone solution together so that the streams mix in
pouring. It is very important that the mixing be thorough and the
mixture should be used fresh.

The President: Do you add any Paris green at any time or arsenate of
lead?

Mr. Stakman: Always add arsenate of le