d wisdom, was supposed by the ignorant masses to be an incarnation
of the sun. Thus arose the spiritual power of monarchs, or the "divine
right of kings."

Wherever obelisks, columns, pillars, attenuated spires, upright stones
or crosses at the intersection of roads are found, they always appear as
sacred monuments, or as symbols of the Lingham god.

The Chaldean Tower of which there are extant traditions in Mexico and in
the South Sea Islands; the Round Towers of Ireland; the remarkable group
of stones known as Stonehenge, in England; the wonderful circle at Abury
through which the figure of a huge serpent was passed; the monuments
which throughout the nations of the East were set up at the intersection
of roads in the center of market-places, and the bowing stones
employed as oracles in various portions of the world, have all the same
signification, and proclaim the peculiar religion of the people who
worshipped them.

Whether as among the Jews in Egypt, a pillar is set up as a "sign" and a
"witness" to the Lord, or whether as with the Mohammedans these figures
appear as minarets with egg shaped summits, or as among the Irish they
stand forth as stately towers defying time and the elements, or as among
the Christians they appear as the steeple which points towards heaven,
the symbol remains, and the original significance is the same.

The Lord of the Israelites who was wont to manifest himself to his
chosen people in a "pillar of smoke by day" and a "pillar of fire by
night" is said to be none other than a reproductive emblem, as was also
the "Lord" which "reposed in the ark of the covenant." Monuments set up
to symbolize the religion of the Parsees or fire-worshippers after they
had succumbed to the pressure brought to bear upon them by the adorers
of the male principle were each and all of them, like their great
prototype the tower of Babel, typical of the universal creative power
which was worshipped as male.

Notwithstanding the fact that the male energy had come to be recognized
as the principal factor in reproduction, it is observed that wherever
these monuments or other symbols of fertility appear, there is always to
be found in close connection with them certain emblems symbolical of the
female power; thus showing that although the people by whom they were
erected had become worshippers of the masculine principle, and although
they had persuaded themselves that it was the more important element in
the dei