enerale,' tom. iii. p. 180) from _Turtur
auritus_ with _T. cambayensis_ and with _T. suratensis_; but nothing is
said of their fertility. At the Zoological Gardens of London the _Goura
coronata_ and _victoriae_ produced a hybrid, which paired with the pure _G.
coronata_, and laid several eggs, but these proved barren. In 1860
_Columba_ _gymnophthalmos_ and _maculosa_ produced hybrids in these same
gardens.

[338] There is one exception to the rule, namely in a sub-variety of the
swallow of German origin, which is figured by Neumeister, and was shown to
me by Mr. Wicking. This bird is blue, but has not the black wing-bars; for
our object, however, in tracing the descent of the chief races, this
exception signifies the less as the swallow approaches closely in structure
to _C. livia_. In many sub-varieties, the black bars are replaced by bars
of various colours. The figures given by Neumeister are sufficient to show
that, if the wings alone are blue, the black wing-bars appear.

[339] I have observed blue birds with all the above-mentioned marks in the
following races, which seemed to be perfectly pure, and were shown at
various exhibitions. Pouters, with the double black wing-bars, with white
croup, dark bar to end of tail, and white edging to outer tail-feathers.
Turbits, with all these same characters. Fantails, with the same; but the
croup in some was bluish or pure blue: Mr. Wicking bred blue fantails from
two black birds. Carriers (including the Bagadotten of Neumeister), with
all the marks: two birds which I examined had white, and two had blue
croups; the white edging to the outer tail-feathers was not present in all.
Mr. Corker, a great breeder, assures me that, if black carriers are matched
for many successive generations, the offspring become first ash-coloured,
and then blue with black wing-bars. Runts of the elongated breed had the
same marks, but the croup was pale blue; the outer tail-feathers had white
edges. Neumeister figures the great Florence Runt of a blue colour with
black bars. Jacobins are very rarely blue, but I have received authentic
accounts of at least two instances of the blue variety with black bars
having appeared in England: blue jacobins were bred by Mr. Brent from two
black birds. I have seen common tumblers, both Indian and English, and
short-faced tumblers, of a blue colour, with black wing-bars, with the
black bar at the end of the tail, and with the outer tail-feathers edged
with whi