connection with the vocal organ than the eye has. Donders found that the
period required for responding vocally to a sound-signal is less than
that required for responding in the same way to a light-signal.

[97] On the nature of this impulse, as illustrated in waking and in
sleep, see the article by Delboeuf, "Le Sommeil et les Reves," in
the _Revue Philosophique_, June, 1880, p. 636.

[98] _Physiologische Psychologie_, p. 660.

[99] I may, perhaps, observe, after giving two dreams which have to do
with mathematical operations, that, though I was very fond of them in my
college days, I have long ceased to occupy myself with these processes.
I would add, by way of redeeming my dream-intelligence from a deserved
charge of silliness, that I once performed a respectable intellectual
feat when asleep. I put together the riddle, "What might a wooden ship
say when her side was stove in? Tremendous!" (Tree-mend-us). I was aware
of having tried to improve on the form of this pun. I am happy to say I
am not given to punning during waking life, though I had a fit of it
once. It strikes me that punning, consisting as it does essentially of
overlooking sense and attending to sound, is just such a debased kind of
intellectual activity as one might look for in sleep.

[100] See Radestock, _op. cit._, ch. ix.; _Vergleichung des Traumes mit
dem Wahnsinn_.

[101] For Spinoza's experience, given in his own words, see Mr. F.
Pollock's _Spinoza_, p. 57; _cf._ what Wundt says on his experience,
_Physiologische Psychologie_, p. 648, footnote 2.

[102] See an interesting account of "Recent Researches on Hypnotism," by
G. Stanley Hall, in _Mind_, January, 1881.

[103] I need hardly observe that physiology shows that there is no
separation of different elementary colour-sensations which are locally
identical.

[104] This kind of error is, of course, common to all kinds of
cognition, in so far as they involve comparison. Thus, the presence of
the excitement of the emotion of wonder at the sight of an unusually
large object, say a mountain, disposes the mind to look on it as the
largest of its class. Such illusions come midway between presentative
and representative illusions. They might, perhaps, be specially marked
off as illusions of "judgment."

[105] So far as any mental state, though originating in a fusion of
elements, is now unanalyzable by the best effort of attention, we must
of course regard it in its present form as simple.