lue of Physical Science in the Elementary School is
largely due to the light it throws on geographical data. Numerous
examples will appear in the succeeding pages.

Hygiene.--Experiments in carbon dioxide, oxygen, air, water, sound, and
light, are absolutely necessary, if the children are to grasp with any
degree of clearness the principles of respiration and ventilation, and
the phenomena of hearing and seeing.

Manual Training.--Many pieces of apparatus may be made by the boys in
their work with wood or iron. Some of the elementary principles of
chemistry enable the girls to do their cooking intelligently. A
knowledge of some of the principles of machines will help the pupils to
understand the tools they may use in any employment.

Drawing.--Careful drawing of the apparatus used helps to fix the
experiment in the mind and at the same time gives practice in art.

Composition.--Pupils must have ideas before they can write. The
description of the experiment will make a good composition exercise,
oral or written.

LIST OF REFERENCE BOOKS AND BULLETINS

GARDEN AND PLANT STUDY

Bulletins of the Ontario Department of Agriculture, Toronto.

Bulletins of the Dominion Department of Agriculture, Ottawa.

Improvement of School Grounds. Department of Education, Toronto.

Atkinson. First Studies of Plant Life. Ginn & Co. 60 cents.

Bailey. Manual of Gardening. Macmillan Co. $2.00.

Blanchan. Nature's Garden. Doubleday Co. $2.00.

Comstock, A. M. Handbook of Nature Study. Comstock Pub. Co. $3.25.

Gray. Field, Forest, and Garden Botany. Amer. Book Co. $1.40.

Green, Louise. Among School Gardens. Charities Pub. Co. $1.25.

Hodge. Nature Study and Life. Ginn & Co. $1.50.

Holtz. Nature Study. Scribners' Sons. $1.50.

Jackson and Dougherty. Agriculture through the Laboratory and School
Garden. Judd. $1.50.

James. Agriculture. Appleton & Co. 80 cents.

Keeler. Our Native Trees. Scribners' Sons. $2.00.

Osterhout. Experiments with Plants. Macmillan Co. $1.50.

Parsons. How to Plan the Home Grounds. Doubleday Co. $1.00.

Sergeant. Corn Plants. Houghton, Mifflin Co. 75 cents.

PHYSICAL SCIENCE

Miller. Minerals and How They Occur. The Copp, Clark Co. $1.50.

Milliken and Gale. First Course in Physics. Ginn & Co. $2.00.

Newman. Laboratory Exercises. Ginn & Co. 10c. each.

Remsen. College Chemistry. Am. Pub. Co. $2.50.

Simmons and Syenhouse. Science of Common Life. The Macmillan Company,
$1.00.