that it was originally named Kerasus. A difficulty is raised on this
point because Xenophon says that the Greeks reached Kerasus in three
days from Trebizond, and the country is difficult. Hamilton observes
(i. 250): "Considering the distance and the difficult nature of the
ground, over a great part of which the army must have marched in
single file, Xenophon and his 10,000 men would hardly have arrived
there in ten days." But it is more probable that there is an error in
the "three" days, either an error of Xenophon or of the MSS., than
that the site of Phernakia should have got the name of Kerasunt though
Kerasus was not there. "The town of Kerasunt, which represents the
Pharnakia of antiquity, is situated on the extremity of a rocky
promontory connected with the main by a low wooded isthmus of a
pleasing and picturesque appearance.--The Hellenic walls are
constructed in the best isodomous style. Commencing near the beach on
the west, they continue in an easterly direction over the hill,
forming the limits of the present town. Near the gateway they are
upwards of twenty feet high, and form the foundation of the Agha's
konak; a small mosque has also been raised upon the ruins of a square
tower; the blocks of stone, a dark green volcanic breccia, are of
gigantic size." (Hamilton, _Researches_, &c. i. 262, &c.)]

[Footnote 374: Appian (c. 82) calls him Bacchus; he tells the same
story. These Greek women of western Asia were much in request among
the Asiatic kings. (Compare Life of Crassus, c. 32). Cyrus the younger
had two Greek women with him when he fell at Cunaxa, and one of them
was a Milesian. (Xenophon, _Anab._ i. 10.)]

[Footnote 375: I have kept the Greek word. The description shows what
it was. The diadem was a mark of royal rank among the Asiatic nations.
Aurelian is said to have been the first Roman Emperor who adopted the
diadem, which appears on some of his coins. (Rasche, _Lex. Rei
Numariae_.)]

[Footnote 376: The site of this place is unknown. Mithridates (Appian,
_Mithridat. War_, c. 115) kept his valuables here.]

[Footnote 377: See the Life of Sulla, c. 14. L. Mummius after
defeating the army of the Achaean confederation totally destroyed
Corinth B.C. 146.]

[Footnote 378: Strabo (p. 547) quotes Theopompus, who says that the
Milesians were the original founders of Amisus, and that after the
Athenian colonization it was called Peiraeus. King Mithridates Eupator
(the opponent of Lucullus) added to t