ng is not very easy to judge, because the
published sermons are admittedly not what was actually delivered, but
after-reminiscences or summaries, and the judgment is not rendered
easier by the injudicious and gushing laudation of which he has been
made the subject. He certainly possessed a happy gift of phrase now and
then, and remarkable earnestness.

NOTE.--In no chapter, perhaps, has there been greater
difficulty as to inclusion and exclusion than in the
present. The names of Bishop Christopher Wordsworth, of Dean
Alford, of Bishop Lightfoot for England, of Bishop Charles
Wordsworth, of Dean Ramsay, of Drs. Candlish, Guthrie, and
Macleod for Scotland, may seem to clamour among orthodox
theologians, those of W. R. Greg, of James Hinton, of W. K.
Clifford among not always orthodox lay dealers with the
problems of philosophy, or of theology, or both. With less
tyrannous limits of space Principal Tulloch, who was
noteworthy in both these and in pure literature as well (he
was the last editor of _Fraser_), must have received at
least brief notice in this chapter, as must his brother
Principal, J. C. Shairp (an amiable poet, an agreeable
critic, and Professor of Poetry at Oxford), in others.

FOOTNOTES:

[11] This famous book, published in 1860, was a collection of papers by
six clergymen and a layman, some of which undoubtedly were, and the rest
of which were by association thought to be, unorthodox. It was condemned
by Convocation, and actual legal proceedings were taken against two of
the writers, but without final effect.

CHAPTER IX

LATER JOURNALISM AND CRITICISM IN ART AND LETTERS

In a former chapter we conducted the history of criticism, especially
literary criticism, and that chiefly as displayed in the periodicals
which were reorganized and refreshed in the early years of the century,
to about 1850. We have now to take it up at that point and conduct
it--subject to the limitations of our plan as regards living authors,
and in one extremely important case taking the license of outstepping
these limits--to the present or almost the present day. We shall have to
consider the rise and performances of two great individual writers, one
of whom entirely re-created, if he may not almost be said to have
created, the criticism of art in England, while the other gave a new
temper, if not exactly a new direction, to the criticism of l