bound to servitude for a term of years, and three fifths of all
other persons not comprehended in the foregoing description,
(except Indians not paying taxes) which number shall, within six
years after the first meeting of the Legislature, and within the
term of every ten years afterwards, be taken in such manner as
the said Legislature shall direct.[553]

The same appears also in the report of the Committee on Style.

Sect. 3. The proportions of direct taxation shall be regulated by
the whole number of free citizens and inhabitants, of every age,
sex and condition, including those bound to servitude for a term
of years, and three fifths of all other persons not comprehended
in the foregoing description, (except Indians not paying taxes)
which number shall, within three years after the first meeting of
the Legislature, and within the term of every ten years
afterwards, be taken in such manner as the said Legislature shall
direct.

(b) Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among
the several states which may be included within this Union,
according to their respective numbers, which shall be determined
by adding to the whole number of free persons, including those
bound to servitude for a term of years, and excluding Indians not
taxed, three fifths of all other persons. The actual enumeration
shall be made within three years after the first meeting of the
Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent term
of ten years, in such manner as they shall by law direct. The
number of representatives shall not exceed one for every forty
thousand, but each state shall have at least one representative:
and until such enumeration shall be made, the state of
New-Hampshire shall be entitled to chuse three, Massachusetts
eight, Rhode-Island and Providence Plantation one, Connecticut
five, New-York six, New-Jersey, four, Pennsylvania eight,
Delaware one, Maryland six, Virginia ten, North-Carolina five,
South-Carolina five and Georgia three.[554]

What these framers said in explaining their intentions thereafter when
discussing the constitution in ratifying conventions, legislatures and
Congress, is further illuminating. Before the Maryland convention
called to ratify the constitution Luther Martin said:

S: 2. Slaves ought never to be consi