rtery was wounded in
one-half of its circumference at its bend, just before it passes up
between the anterior clinoid process and the optic nerve. The cavernous
sinus was also opened. In this rare injury, although there was a
considerable quantity of clotted blood at the base of the brain, there
was no wound to the eyeball nor to the brain itself.

Pepper records a case in which a knife was thrust through the
spheroidal fissure, wounding a large meningeal vein, causing death from
intracranial hemorrhage. Nelaton describes an instance in which the
point of an umbrella wounded the cavernous sinus and internal carotid
artery of the opposite side, causing the formation of an arteriovenous
aneurysm which ultimately burst, and death ensued. Polaillon saw a boy
of eighteen who was found in a state of coma. It was stated that an
umbrella stick had been thrust up through the roof of the orbit and had
been withdrawn with much difficulty. The anterior lobe of the brain was
evidently much wounded; an incision was made in the forehead and a
portion of the frontal bone chiseled away entrance being thus effected,
the aura was incised, and some blood and cerebrospinal fluid escaped.
Five splinters were removed and a portion of the damaged
brain-substance, and a small artery was tied with catgut. The debris
of the eyeball was enucleated and a drain was placed in the frontal
wound, coming out through the orbit. The patient soon regained
consciousness and experienced no bad symptoms afterward. The drains
were gradually withdrawn, the process of healing advanced rapidly, and
recovery soon ensued.

Annandale mentions an instance in which a knitting-needle penetrated
the brain through the orbit. Hewett speaks of perforation of the roof
of the orbit and injury to the brain by a lead-pencil.

Gunshot Injuries of the Orbit.--Barkan recites the case in which a
leaden ball 32/100 inch in diameter was thrown from a sling into the
left orbital cavity, penetrating between the eyeball and osseous wall
of the orbit without rupturing the tunics of the eye or breaking the
bony wall of the cavity. It remained lodged two weeks without causing
any pain or symptoms, and subsequently worked itself forward, contained
in a perfect conjunctival sac, in which it was freely movable.

Buchanan recites the case of a private in the army who was shot at a
distance of three feet away, the ball entering the inner canthus of the
right eye and lodging under the skin