ng through the tongue, making exit on the left side, and forcing
out several teeth of the left lower jaw. To his surprise, thirty years
afterward, one of the teeth was removed from an abscess of the tongue.
Baker speaks of a boy of thirteen who was shot at three yards distance.
The bullet knocked out two teeth and passed through the tongue,
although it produced no wound of the pharynx, and was passed from the
anus on the sixth day. Stevenson mentions a case of an organist who
fell forward when stooping with a pipe in his mouth, driving its stem
into the roof of the pharynx. He complained of a sore throat for
several days, and, after explanation, Stevenson removed from the soft
palate a piece of clay pipe nearly 1 1/4 inches long. Herbert tells of
a case resembling carcinoma of the tongue, which was really due to the
lodgment of a piece of tooth in that organ.

Articulation Without the Tongue.--Total or partial destruction of the
tongue does not necessarily make articulation impossible. Banon
mentions a man who had nothing in his mouth representing a tongue. When
he was young, he was attacked by an ulceration destroying every vestige
of this member. The epiglottis, larynx, and pharynx, in fact the
surrounding structures were normal, and articulation, which was at
first lost, became fairly distinct, and deglutition was never
interfered with. Pare gives a description of a man whose tongue was
completely severed, in consequence of which he lost speech for three
years, but was afterward able to make himself understood by an
ingenious bit of mechanism. He inserted under the stump of the tongue a
small piece of wood, in a most marvelous way replacing the missing
member. Articulation with the absence of some constituent of the vocal
apparatus has been spoken of on page 254.

Hypertrophy of the Tongue.--It sometimes happens that the tongue is so
large that it is rendered not only useless but a decided hindrance to
the performance of the ordinary functions into which it always enters.
Ehrlich, Ficker, Klein, Rodforffer, and the Ephemerides, all record
instances in which a large tongue was removed either by ligation or
amputation. Von Siebold records an instance in which death was caused
by the ligature of an abnormally sized tongue. There is a modern record
of three cases of enormous tongues, the result of simple hypertrophy.
In one case the tongue measured 6 1/4 inches from the angle of the
mouth about the sides and tip to t