ces, who, from jealousy to Spain, were at first prompted to
encourage her revolt. Long had the pride of that monarchy prevailed
over her interest, and prevented her from hearkening to any terms of
accommodation with her rebellious subjects. But finding all intercourse
cut off between her provinces by the maritime force of the states, she
at last agreed to treat with them as a free people, and solemnly to
renounce all claim and pretension to their sovereignty.

This chief point being gained, the treaty was easily brought to a
conclusion, under the joint mediation and guaranty of France and
England. All exterior appearances of honor were paid equally to both
crowns: but very different were the sentiments which the states, as well
as all Europe, entertained of the princes who wore them. Frugality
and vigor, the chief circumstances which procure regard among foreign
nations, shone out as conspicuously in Henry as they were deficient in
James. To a contempt of the English monarch, Henry seems to have added
a considerable degree of jealousy and aversion, which were sentiments
altogether without foundation. James was just and fair in all
transactions with his allies;[*] but it appears from the memoirs of
those times, that each side deemed him partial towards their adversary,
and fancied that he had entered into secret measures against them;[**]
so little equity have men in their judgments of their own affairs; and
so dangerous is that entire neutrality affected by the king of England!

{1610.} The little concern which James took in foreign affairs, renders
the domestic occurrences, particularly those of parliament, the most
interesting of his reign. A new session was held this spring; the king,
full of hopes of receiving supply; the commons, of circumscribing his
prerogative. The earl of Salisbury, now created treasurer on the death
of the earl of Dorset, laid open the king's necessities, first to the
peers, then to a committee of the lower house.[***]

* The plan of accommodation which James recommended is found
in Winwood, (vol. ii. p. 429, 430,) and is the same that was
recommended by Henry, as we learn from Jeanin, (tom. iii. p.
416, 417.) It had long been imagined by historians, from
Jeanin's authority, that James had declared to the court of
Spain, that he would not support the Dutch in their
pretensions to liberty and independence. But it has since
been discovered by Winwood's M