er use at any one time more than six
gallons of new milk daily. For this purpose, as well as to obtain
a regular supply of milk for other purposes, the calves are allowed
to come at different periods, extending from October to May. Hence
the calf-house has generally a succession of occupants throughout
the season; and as one lot are ready to be removed, and placed loose
in a small hovel, with yard attached, others fill their places.
We begin with new milk from the pail, which is continued for a
fortnight after leaving the cow. Then skim-milk--boiled, and allowed
to cool to the natural warmth--is substituted to the extent of
one-third of the allowance. In another week the new milk is reduced
to half, and at the same time, not before, boiled linseed is added
to the mess.[20] As soon as they take freely to this food, the new
milk may be replaced with that from the dairy, and the calf is
encouraged to indulge in a few sliced carrots and the other dry
foods named.

Mr. Murray, of Overstone, thus states the expense of rearing the calf
until it is two years old, when, after the weaning process is completed,
it is turned out to grass:--

During the summer they have the run of a grass paddock during
the day, but return regularly to their yards at night; the
following winter they are kept in larger yards, and which contain
a greater number of animals. Their bill of fare for this winter is
2 lbs. of oil-cake, half a bushel of cut roots, with cut chaff _ad
libitum_. The chaff has a small quantity of flour or pollard mixed
with it, is moistened with water, and the whole mass turned over;
this is done the day previous to using it. By this means they eat
the chaff with more relish, and moistening it prevents the flour
being wasted. They are put to grass the following summer, generally
from the 15th to the 20th of May, or as soon as the pastures are in
a state to receive them; they remain there on second-rate land till
about the end of October, when they are brought home and tied up in
the stalls. The daily allowance is then 4 lbs. linseed-cake, 4 lbs.
flour--3/4 bean, 1/4 barley--1 bushel of cut roots with cut chaff;
the flour and chaff is mixed as already described. At about the end
of December the quantity of cake is increased to 8 lbs., and the
flour to 6 lbs.; this they continue to receive till the