d
with copper, in which the cake, mixed with water, is made into
a thick soup. Adjoining this is a slate tank, of sufficient size
to contain one feed for the entire lot of bullocks feeding. Into
this tank is laid chaff with a three-grained fork, and pressed
down firmly; and this process is repeated until the slate tank
is full, when it is covered down for an hour or two before
feeding time. The soup is then found entirely absorbed by the
chaff, which has become softened and prepared for ready digestion.

Mr. Wright, near Dunbar, gives the following account of an experiment
with pulped roots and straw and oil-cake. It appears to prove the
superiority of mixed foods over the same foods consumed separately:--

Two lots of year-old cattle were fed; the one in the usual
way--sliced turnips and straw, _ad libitum_--the others with
the minced turnips, mixed with cut straw. The first lot consumed
daily 84 lbs. sliced turnips, 1 lb. oil-cake, 1 lb. rape-cake,
1/2 lb. bean-meal, broken small and mixed with a little salt,
and what straw they liked. The second lot ate, each, daily,
50 lbs. minced turnips, 1 lb. oil-cake, 1 lb. rape-cake, 1/2 lb.
bean-meal, and a little salt, the whole being mixed with double
the bulk of cut straw or wheat chaff. In spring, the lot of
cattle which had the mixed food were in good condition, and
equally well grown as others, though they had consumed in five
months two tons less of roots apiece. The reporter does not
advise the mincing process to be commenced when cattle are very
forward in condition, as any change of food requires a certain
time to accustom the animals to it, and in the meantime fat
cattle are apt to fall off in condition. It ought to be begun
when they are young and lean.

Mr. Duckham, of Baysham Court, Ross, Herefordshire, says:--

The advantages of pulping roots for cattle are--1st, Economy
of food; for the roots being pulped and mixed with the chaff,
either from threshing or cut hay or straw, the whole is consumed
without waste, the animals not being able to separate the chaff
from the pulped roots, as is the case when the roots are merely
sliced by the common cutter, neither do they waste the fodder as
when given without being cut.

2. The use of ordinary hay or straw. After being mixed with the
pulp for about twelve hours, fermentation