nful
crying out during sleep. Malnutrition or anemia are also conditions
which greatly disturb sleep.

7. _Soothing Syrups._ Untold trouble, both physical and nervous, is
bound to follow the giving of soothing syrups. These medicines soothe
by knocking the nerves senseless and never by removing the cause. They
contain morphin, opium, cocain, heroin, and other drugs which deaden
pain, and are most dangerous to give baby.

DAILY NAPS

The morning nap from the sixth month on should be from two to three
hours long, out on the porch, well protected; while the afternoon nap
may be from one to one and a half hours long with an interval of two
or three hours before bedtime. The child should be wakened at regular
intervals for feedings during the day--every three hours until he is
six months old, and then every four hours. These naps should be taken
in a cool place--on the porch, on the roof, in the yard, under a tree,
or on the protected fire escape.

If the nap is to be taken indoors, then lower the windows from the top
and darken the room. All children should take daily naps until they
are five or six years old.

CHAPTER XXIII

BABY HYGIENE

Possibly if all our babies could grow up in a mild, warm climate, out
of doors, where they were cared for by mothers who had nothing else to
do but enjoy nature in a garden, their babies unhampered by clothes
and other conventionalities inflicted upon us by our present standards
of living--well, if that were our environment, probably this chapter
on baby hygiene would not need to be written. But realizing that
variable climatic conditions, the indoor life, and the necessary
bundling up with clothes, all tend to increase the ever-present danger
of infection from thickly settled peoples and their domestic
pets--these facts, together with the further fact that modern social
conditions make it necessary for some mothers to toil long hours--all
these influences, I say, considered separately or combined, make it
imperative for us to give thoroughgoing consideration to the
essentials of baby hygiene. The subjects of fresh air, sleep, bathing,
etc., have been duly discussed in previous chapters.

WATER DRINKING

As soon as the newborn baby has been washed and dressed, before he is
put to sleep, he is given two teaspoons of warm, boiled water in a
sterile bottle with a clean nipple. This is repeated every two hours
when he is awake, until he is old enough to ask for water