ame fashionable for young gentlemen instead of being
exclusively patronized by "learned clerks." The foundation of the
College of Physicians in London deserves to be mentioned. [Sidenote:
1528]

A university was founded at Zurich under the influence of Zwingli.
Geneva's University opened in 1559 with Beza as rector. Connected with
it was a preparatory school of seven forms, with a rigidly prescribed
{672} course in the classics. When the boy was admitted to the
university proper by examination, he took what he chose; there was not
even a division into classes. The courses offered to him included
Greek, Hebrew, theology, dialectic, rhetoric, physics and mathematics.

[Sidenote: French universities]

The foundation of the College de France by Francis I represented an
attempt to bring new life and vigor into learning by a free association
of learned men. It was planned to emancipate science from the tutelage
of theology. Erasmus was invited but, on his refusal to accept, Bude
was given the leading position. Chairs of Greek, Hebrew, mathematics
and Latin were founded by the king in 1530. Other institutions of
learning founded in France were Rheims 1547, Douai 1562, Besancon[1]
1564, none of them now in existence. Paris continued to be the largest
university in the world, with an average number of students of about
6000.

Louvain, in the Netherlands, had 3000 students in 1500 and 1521; in
1550 the number rose to 5000. It was divided into colleges on the plan
still found in England. Each college had a president, three professors
and twelve fellows, entertained gratis, in addition to a larger number
of paying scholars. The most popular classes often reached the number
of 300. The foundation of the Collegium Trilingue by Erasmus's friend
Jerome Busleiden in 1517 was an attempt, as its name indicates, to give
instruction in Greek and Hebrew as well as in the Latin classics. A
blight fell upon the noble institution during the wars of religion.
Under the supervision of Alva it founded professorships of catechetics
and substituted the decrees of the Council of Trent for the _Decretum_
of Gratian in the law school. Exhausted by the hemorrhages caused by
the Religious War and starved by the Lenten diet of Spanish
Catholicism, it gradually decayed, while its {673} place was taken in
the eyes of Europe by the Protestant University of Leyden. [Sidenote:
1575] A second Protestant foundation, Franeker, [Sidenote: 158