organization, and
consequently are not algae, or any introduced bodies; that there is no
parasitism; and that the lichen thallus, exclusive of gonidia, is
wholly unknown amongst fungi.

The Rev. J. M. Crombie has therefore our sympathies in the remark with
which his summary of the gonidia controversy closes, in which he
characterizes it as a "sensational romance of lichenology," of the
"unnatural union between a captive algal damsel and a tyrant fungal
master."

[A] De Bary, "Des Myxomycetes," in "Ann. des Sci. Nat." 4 ser. xi. p.
153; "Bot. Zeit." xvi. p. 357. De Bary's views are controverted
by M. Wigand in "Ann. des Sci. Nat." 4 ser. (Bot.) xvi. p. 255,
&c.

[B] De Bary, "Recherches sur le Developpement de quelques Champignons
Parasites," in "Ann. des Sci. Nat." 4 ser. (Bot.) xx. p. 5.

[C] "Popular Science Review," vol. viii. p. 96.

[D] Dr. J. H. Bennett "On the Molecular Origin of Infusoria," p. 56.

[E] They have, however, no close relation with real _Torulae_, such as
_T. monilioides_, &c.--COOKE'S _Handbook_, p. 477.

[F] Berkeley's "Outlines of British Fungology," p. 24.

[G] Berkeley's "Introduction to Cryptogamic Botany," p. 235.

[H] Gray, "Notices of Insects which form the Basis of Fungoid
Parasites."

[I] On the relation or connection between fungi and lichens, H. C.
Sorby has some pertinent remarks in his communication to the
Royal Society on "Comparative Vegetable Chromatology"
(Proceedings Royal Society, vol. xxi. 1873, p. 479), as one
result of his spectroscopic examinations. He says, "Such being
the relations between the organs of reproduction and the
foliage, it is to some extent possible to understand the
connection between parasitic plants like fungi, which do not
derive their support from the constructive energy of their
fronds, and those which are self-supporting and possess true
fronds. In the highest classes of plants the flowers are
connected with the leaves, more especially by means of
xanthophyll and yellow xanthophyll, whereas in the case of
lichens the apothecia contain very little, if any, of those
substances, but a large amount of the lichenoxanthines so
characteristic of the class. Looking upon fungi from this
chromatological point of view, they bear something like the
same relation to li