red, yellow, and green with a white equilateral triangle
edged in black based on the hoist side; a yellow Zimbabwe bird is
superimposed on a red five-pointed star in the center of the triangle

Geography
---------

Location: Southern Africa, northeast of Botswana

Geographic coordinates: 20 00 S, 30 00 E

Map references: Africa

Area:
total area: 390,580 sq km
land area: 386,670 sq km
comparative area: slightly larger than Montana

Land boundaries:
total: 3,066 km
border countries: Botswana 813 km, Mozambique 1,231 km, South Africa
225 km, Zambia 797 km

Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)

Maritime claims: none (landlocked)

International disputes: quadripoint with Botswana, Namibia, and
Zambia is in disagreement

Climate: tropical; moderated by altitude; rainy season (November
to March)

Terrain: mostly high plateau with higher central plateau (high
veld); mountains in east
lowest point: junction of the Lundi and Savi rivers 162 m
highest point: Inyangani 2,592 m

Natural resources: coal, chromium ore, asbestos, gold, nickel,
copper, iron ore, vanadium, lithium, tin, platinum group metals

Land use:
arable land: 7%
permanent crops: NEGL (coffee)
meadows and pastures: 13%
forest and woodland: 49%
other: 31%

Irrigated land: 2,250 sq km (1993 est.)

Environment:
current issues: deforestation; soil erosion; land degradation; air
and water pollution; the black rhinoceros herd - once the largest
concentration of the species in the world - has been significantly
reduced by poaching
natural hazards: recurring droughts; floods and severe storms are
rare
international agreements: party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change,
Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection; signed,
but not ratified - Desertification

Geographic note: landlocked

People
------

Population: 11,271,314 (July 1996 est.)

Age structure:
0-14 years: 44% (male 2,513,606; female 2,481,478)
15-64 years: 53% (male 2,935,188; female 3,030,270)
65 years and over: 3% (male 152,244; female 158,528) (July 1996 est.)

Population growth rate: 1.41% (1996 est.)

Birth rate: 32.34 births/1,000 population (1996 est.)

Death rate: 18.2 deaths/1,000 population (1996 est.)

Net migration rate: NA migrant(s)/1,000 population (1996 est.)
note: there is a small but steady flow of Zimbabweans into South
Africa in search of better paid employment