wn researches have, with the aid of inquiries
carried on for me, enabled me to bring forward many
interesting points, so as to verify dates of manufacture and
more fully to carry out their classification. Like their
Irish brethren and sisters, English people were formerly apt
to ascribe everything unusually small to the fairies, and
anything out of the common way to the people of very remote
ages.

"Thus, these small pipes are commonly in England called
'fairy pipes,' or 'Carl's pipes,' or 'old man's pipes;' in
Ireland, where they are likewise known as 'fairy pipes,'
they are also called 'Dane's pipes;' and in Scotland, where
their common name is 'elf pipes,' or 'elfin pipes,' they
are, in like manner, known as 'Celtic pipes.' They are also
sometimes named 'Mab pipes,' or 'Queen's pipes,' from the
same fairy majesty, Queen Mab. Thus, while in each country
they are ascribed to the elfin race--the 'small people' of
Cornish folk-lore--their secondary names attach to them a
popular belief in their extreme antiquity. Anything
apparently old is at once, by the Irish, set down to the
'Danes;' by the Scots to the 'Celts;' and by people in the
rural districts of our own country to the 'carls,' or 'old
men'--carl being indicative of extreme antiquity. In
Ireland, the pipes are believed to have belonged to the
_cluricaunes_--a kind of wild, ungovernable, mischievous
fairy-demon--who were held in awe by the 'pisantry;' and
whenever found, these pipes were, with much superstitious
feeling, immediately broken up, so as to destroy and break
up the spell their finding might have cast around the
finder. But it was not only among the peasantry that this
belief in the extreme antiquity of tobacco pipes existed.

"Serious essays were written to prove their pre-historic
origin, and to claim for them a history that in our day
reads as arrant nonsense. In 1784, a short pipe was asserted
to have been found between the jaws of the skull of an
ancient Milesian exhumed at Bannockstown, county Kildare.
Upon this discovery, an elaborate and learned paper was
written in the 'Anthologia Hibernica,' setting forth this
pipe as a proof of the use of tobacco in Ireland long before
that country was invaded by the Danes. This pipe has been
proved by compa