koda_--stallion, and _mamat koda_--mare.

[Transcriber's note: The uncontracted forms of these phrases are _bayi
ta koda'_ and _mama ta koda'_. Because _bayi_ means "female" and _mama_
means "male," the definitions of "stallion" and "mare" appear to have
been interchanged in error.]

Heavy loads of field products are transported on animals, or are carried
in cylindrical bark or rattan boxes or carrying frames (Fig. 30). Such a
receptacle is supported on the back by means of a band which passes
around the forehead, or by other bands which slip over the shoulders.
Both sexes carry loads in this way, although it must be confessed that
consideration for the members of the gentler sex has not reached such a
stage that they are relieved of any great part of such labor. When
gathering grain and forest products, or when searching for snails, the
woman attaches a small basket to her belt so that it hangs at a
convenient height against her thigh. We have previously noticed the
decorated bags and baskets which serve as pockets, and also contain the
betel nut outfits.

FIG. 30. CARRYING FRAME.

A small child is supported at the mother's hip by means of a broad sash,
which passes over the right shoulder and under the left arm. When it is
able to walk the scarf is discarded, and it sits astride the mother's
hip, where it is held in place by her left arm. Older children and the
men devote considerable time to the newcomers, but at a very early age
the youngsters begin to run about as wild and carefree as only little
savages can.

The Bagobo is a keen trader and many small articles of all kinds reach,
and pass from him through trade; and to make this barter possible he
intentionally produces an excess of certain things. Chief of these is
hemp, which he now carries to the coast traders, and for which he
receives trade cloth, iron pots, copper gongs, bells, and the beads
which he prizes so highly. In exchange for the betel boxes, bells, and
knife guards, which come from his forge, he receives shell disks,
certain articles of dress, cooking pots, and various other household
articles as well as salt and some animals. The knives made by him are in
great demand and often travel far inland. While among the Bukidnon of
the North-Central part of the Island the writer secured one blade and
guard of undoubted Bagobo workmanship. In early days, Chinese and Moro
traders brought gongs, jars, plates, and other crockery, as well as many
other a