raged all the Germantown settlers to raise flowers as
well as fruit. Whittier says of him in his _Pennsylvania Pilgrim_:--

"The flowers his boyhood knew
Smiled at his door, the same in form and hue,
And on his vines the Rhenish clusters grew."

It gives one a pleasant notion of the old Quaker, George Fox, to read
his bequest by will of a tract of land near Philadelphia "for a
playground for the children of the town to play on and for a garden to
plant with physical plants, for lads and lassies to know simples, and
learn to make oils and ointments."

Among Pennsylvanians the art of gardening reached the highest point. The
landscape gardening was a reproduction of the best in England. Our
modern country places cannot equal in this respect the colonial country
seats near Philadelphia. Woodlands and Bush Hill, the homes of the
Hamiltons, Cliveden, of Chief Justice Chew, Fair Hill, Belmont, the
estate of Judge Peters, were splendid examples. An ecstatic account of
the glories and wonders of some of them was written just after the
Revolution by a visitor who fully understood their treasures, the Rev.
Manasseh Cutler, the clergyman, statesman, and botanist.

In Newport, Rhode Island, where flowers ever seem to thrive with
extraordinary luxuriance, there were handsome gardens in the eighteenth
century. A description of Mr. Bowler's garden during the Revolution
reads thus:--

"It contains four acres and has a grand aisle in the middle. Near
the middle is an oval surrounded with espaliers of fruit-trees, in
the centre of which is a pedestal, on which is an armillary sphere
with an equatorial dial. On one side of the front is a hot-house
containing orange-trees, some ripe, some green, some blooms, and
various other fruit-trees of the exotic kind and curious flowers.
At the lower end of the aisle is a large summer-house, a long
square containing three rooms, the middle paved with marble and
hung with landscapes. On the right is a large private library
adorned with curious carvings. There are espaliers of fruit-trees
at each end of the garden and curious flowering shrubs. The room on
the left is beautifully designed for music and contains a spinnet.
But the whole garden discovered the desolations of war."

In the Southern colonies men of wealth soon had beautiful gardens. In an
early account of South Carolina, written in 1682, we fi