contributes to security of life and property, and renders
those happy and moral who are submitted to it. This I believe will be
generally acknowledged, and it is upon these grounds that the government
of the United States must be tested. They abjured our monarchy, and
left their country for a distant land, to obtain _freedom_. They railed
at the vices and imperfections of continental rule, and proposed to
themselves a government which should be perfect, under which every man
should have his due weight in the representation, and prove to the world
that a people could govern themselves. Disgusted with the immorality of
the age and the disregard to religion, they anticipated an amendment in
the state of society. This new, and supposed perfect, machinery has
been working for upwards of sixty years, and let us now examine how far
the theory has been supported and borne out by the practical result.

I must first remind the reader that I have already shewn the weakness of
the Federal Government upon one most important point, which is, that
there is not sufficient security for person and property. When such is
the case, there cannot be that adequate punishment for vice so necessary
to uphold the morals of a people. I will now proceed to prove the
weakness of the Federal Government whenever it has to combat with the
several States, or with the will of the majority.

It will be perceived, by an examination into the Constitution of the
United States, that the States have reserved for themselves all the real
power, and that the Federal Union exists but upon their sufferance.
Each State still insists upon its right to withdraw itself from the
Union whenever it pleases, and the consequence of this right is, that in
every conflict with a State, the Federal Government has invariably to
succumb. M. Tocqueville observes, "If the sovereignty of the Union
were to engage in a struggle with that of the States, at the present
day, its defeat may be confidently predicted; and it is not probable
that such a struggle would be seriously undertaken. As often as a
steady resistance is offered to the Federal Government, it will be found
to yield. Experience has hitherto shewn that whenever a State has
demanded any thing with perseverance and resolution, it has invariably
succeeded; and that if a separate government has distinctly refused to
act, it was left to do as it thought fit. See Note 1.

"But even if the government of the Union h