ating
air into them, by adding eggs into which air has been beaten, or by
entangling gas in the batter. Gas is secured by using soda and sour milk
in a batter (one teaspoon of soda to one pint of sour milk), or soda
with molasses (one teaspoon of soda to one cup of molasses), or soda
with cream of tartar (one teaspoon of soda with two slightly rounding
teaspoons of cream of tartar). The soda should be mixed well with the
other dry ingredients, then the sour milk or molasses added, the whole
beaten up quickly, and baked at once.

Baking-powder is a preparation containing soda and cream of tartar, and
may be used in place of soda if sweet milk is used. Two level
teaspoonfuls of baking-powder should be used with one cup of flour.

PRELIMINARY PLAN

This lesson is a continuation of the lesson on batters. Care should be
taken not to undertake more than can be done well in the time available.

RECIPES

_Graham Muffins_

1 c. graham flour
1 c. flour
1/4 c. sugar
1 tsp. salt
1 c. milk
1 egg
1 tbsp. melted butter
4 tsp. baking-powder

Mix and sift the dry ingredients. Gradually add the milk, the egg
well-beaten, and the melted butter. Bake in a hot oven in greased gem
pans for 25 minutes.

_Plain Muffins_

1/4 c. butter
1/4 c. sugar
1 egg
3/4 c. milk
2 c. flour
3 tsp. baking-powder

Cream the butter, add the sugar and egg well beaten, sift the
baking-powder with the flour, and add to the first mixture, alternating
with the milk. Bake in greased gem pans for 25 minutes.

_Baking-powder Biscuits_

2 c. flour
4 tsp. baking-powder
1 tsp. salt
2 tbsp. fat
3/4 to 1 c. milk or water

Sift the dry ingredients together, chop the fat into the flour with a
knife, slowly add sufficient milk to make a dough not too soft to be
handled. Toss and roll the dough gently on a slightly-floured board and
cut into small biscuits. Moisten the tops with a little milk. Handle the
dough quickly, lightly, and as little as possible. Place on a buttered
sheet. Bake in a hot oven till brown--from 12 to 15 minutes. Either
white or whole wheat flour may be used for the biscuits. Serves six to
eight. Oven test--the oven should be hot enough to colour a piece of
unglazed white paper to a golden brown in one minute.

_Soda Biscuits_

2 c. flour
1/2 tsp. soda (scant)
1/2 tsp. salt
1 c. sour milk (scant)
2 tbsp. shortening (lard or other fat)

Proceed as for Baking-powde