y appreciate the duty imposed upon us as a nation to extend
the arm of charity where the unsettled state of the country renders
industry impossible until time is given to recognize and force to
protect it. We are more fortunately situated than the people of the
Mississippi valley, and have got the start of them."]

[Footnote 153: A letter dated January 25, 1864, and printed in the
Providence _Journal_ on February 6.]

[Footnote 154: Land on the Sea Islands is now worth $15 an acre,--$20
if it is near a road.]

[Footnote 155: F. J. W. was in Boston at the time.]

[Footnote 156: William Birney, Brigadier-General and Commander of the
Post at Beaufort during one of Saxton's absences, had, on March 30,
issued an order to the effect that in all cases the negroes were to be
left in possession of the land they claimed as theirs.]

[Footnote 157: An ambulance.]

[Footnote 158: Cf. E. S. P.'s letter of February 22, p. 251.]

[Footnote 159: Early in April the steamer _City of New York_, carrying
sixty-one bales of Mr. Philbrick's cotton, was wrecked in Queenstown
harbor. The cotton was insured for $1.50 a pound, but would have
brought more in the market.]

[Footnote 160: See p. 219. The idea was by no means new. Frederick Law
Olmstead had devoted a great deal of space to proving the truth of it,
and indeed had quoted many planters who admitted that, as a system of
labor, slavery was expensive.]

[Footnote 161: (Dated April 26, in the _Independent_.) On St. Helena
to-day it is always possible to hire men for common work at fifty
cents per day.]

[Footnote 162: Dated May 2.]

[Footnote 163: The National Union Convention which met on June 7.]

[Footnote 164: The hero of the _Planter_ episode; see p. 46.]

[Footnote 165: See p. 145.]

[Footnote 166: One of many minor raids, very likely up the Combahee
River.]

[Footnote 167: As General commanding the Department of the South.]

[Footnote 168: Husband of Fanny Kemble.]

[Footnote 169: Compare J. A. S. on p. 265.]

[Footnote 170: Evidently G.'s suggestion was practically for the plan
Mr. Philbrick did in fact adopt finally, that of selling some of his
land to negroes and some to white men. The price at which he sold to
the negroes was determined by the ideas here expressed.]

[Footnote 171: A mulatto, educated in the North, who had gone to help
at Port Royal.]

[Footnote 172: Colonel Milton S. Littlefield, Twenty-First United
States Colored Troops.]

[Footnote