Pierce's suggestion, from slavery times, with the difference
that their size was very much increased--often from a fraction of an
acre to ten times that amount.]

[Footnote 36: By the rebels.]

[Footnote 37: He had already had sent down from the North a quantity
of articles to sell to the negroes.]

[Footnote 38: Brigadier-General Isaac I. Stevens, then at Beaufort,
commanding the Second Division.]

[Footnote 39: The "Brick Church" was a Baptist Church which had always
been used by both blacks and whites. Less than a mile away stood the
"White Church," Episcopalian,--closed since the flight of the
planters.]

[Footnote 40: Issued May 9, and on May 19, nullified by President
Lincoln.]

[Footnote 41: South Carolina corn is white flint corn.]

[Footnote 42: The cotton-agent who had been at Coffin's Point.]

[Footnote 43: The Government not only had made no definite promise of
payment, but it was of course unable to bring to bear on the negroes
any compulsion of any sort. They worked or not, as they liked, and
when they liked.]

[Footnote 44: The old system of labor--the system in force in slavery
times--had been the "gang system," the laborers working all together,
so that no one had continuous responsibility for any one piece of
land.]

[Footnote 45: For Coffin's Point.]

[Footnote 46: As a result of Lincoln's proclamation of May 19 (see p.
50 n.), the regiment, all but one company, was disbanded in August.]

[Footnote 47: This burying-place was "an unfenced quarter of an acre
of perfectly wild, tangled woodland in the midst of the cotton-field,
halfway between here [the 'white house'] and the quarters. Nothing
ever marks the graves, but the place is entirely devoted to them."

(From a letter of H. W.'s, June 5, '62.)]

[Footnote 48: Saxton's first general order, announcing his arrival, is
dated June 28.]

[Footnote 49: E. L. Pierce had changed his headquarters from
"Pope's."]

[Footnote 50: From the first the anti-slavery Northerners at Port
Royal had had no hesitation in telling their employees that they were
freemen. Indeed, they had no choice but to do so, the tadpoles on
these islands, as Mr. Philbrick said, having "virtually shed their
tails in course of nature already."]

[Footnote 51: Pierce's second report to Secretary Chase on the Sea
Islands, dated June 2, 1862.]

[Footnote 52: "We have to spend more than half our time," writes Mr.
Philbrick in September, "getting our limited supplies.