hance. Canada's economic stability and freedom from social
unrest will depend on getting her foreign denizens out to the land.
Unfortunately high tariff fosters factory; and factory fosters cheap
foreign labor; and cheap foreign labor as inevitably leads to social
ferment as heat sours milk.

III

What part does religion play in Canada? In marked distinction to the
United Kingdom and the United States, Canada is a church-going nation.
You hear a great deal of the orthodoxy of the Britisher; but if you go
to England and go to his church, even to a festal service such as
Christmas, you will find that he leaves the orthodoxy mostly to the
clergy and the women. I have again and again seen the pews of the most
famous churches in England with barely a scattering of auditors in
them. Of churches where the hard-working manual toiler may be found
side by side with the cultured and the idle and the leisured--there is
none. You also hear a great deal about the heterodoxy of the American;
but if you go to his church--with the exception of the Catholic--you
find that he, too, is leaving his heterodoxy to the clergy and the
women. A few years ago it was almost impossible to gain entrance to a
metropolitan church in the United States, where the preacher happened
to be a man of ability or fame. Try it to-day! Though church music
has been improved almost to the excellence of oratorios or grand opera,
unless it be a festal service like Easter or Christmas, the pews are
only sparsely filled. I do not think I am exaggerating when I say this
is as true of the country districts as of the city. All through New
England are countless country churches that have had to be permanently
closed for lack of attendance. But between the churches of the United
Kingdom and the United States is a marked difference--it is the air of
the preacher. The Englishman is positively sublime in his
unconsciousness of the fact that he had lost a grip of his people. The
American knows and does not blink the fact and is frantically
endeavoring by social service, by popular lectures, by music, by
current topics, by vehement eloquence to regain the grip of his people;
and it must cut a live manly man to the quick to know that his best
efforts on salvation are too often expended on dear old saintly ladies,
who could not be damned if they tried.

Now the curious thing about Canada, which I don't attempt in the least
to explain, is this: whether the preach