ER SYSTEM OF SETTING TEMPERAMENT.~

First, tune 3C by tuning pipe, or as directed.

By this, tune 2C, and by 2C tune 1C; then tune as follows:

By 1C tune 1G fifth above,
" 1G " 2G octave above,
" 1G " 2D fifth above,
" 2D " 1D octave below,
By 1D tune 1A fifth above,
" 1A " 2A octave above,
" 1A " 2E fifth above,
" 2E " 1E octave below,
" 1E " 1B fifth above,
" 1B " 2B octave above,
" 1B " 2F[#] fifth above,
" 2F[#] " 1F[#] octave below,
" 1F[#] " 2C[#] fifth above,
" 2C[#] " 1C[#] octave below,
" 1C[#] " 1G[#] fifth above,
" 1G[#] " 2G[#] octave above,
" 1G[#] " 2D[#] fifth above,
" 2D[#] " 1D[#] octave below,
" 1D[#] " 1A[#] fifth above,
" 1A[#] " 2A[#] octave above,
" 1A[#](B[b]) " 2F fifth above,
" 2F " 1F octave below,
" 1F try 2C fifth above.

You will observe this last fifth brings you back to the starting-point
(C). It is called the "wolf," from the howling of its beats when the
tuner has been inaccurate or the piano fails to stand.

QUESTIONS ON LESSON VIII.

1. What is the cause of the beats or pulsations?

2. Have you practiced tuning the unison?

3. Can you distinguish the beats clearly?

4. Have you practiced tuning the octave?

5. Do you thoroughly understand the system of setting the
temperament as set forth in this lesson?

LESSON IX.

~SPECIFIC INSTRUCTIONS IN TEMPERAMENT SETTING.~

~Pitch.~--It is a matter of importance in tuning an instrument that it
be tuned to a pitch that will adapt it to the special use to which it
may be subjected. As previously explained, there are at present two
different pitches in use, international pitch and concert pitch, the
latter being about a half-step higher than the former. The tuner
should carry with him a tuning pipe or fork tuned to 3C in one or the
other of these pitches. The special uses to which pianos are subjected
are as follows:

1st, As a concert piano.--In the opera house, music hall, and
occasionally in the church, or even in a private dwelling, the piano
is used along with orchestral instruments. All orchestr