.
Mazzini.
Metternich.
Middle Ages.
Military service,
owed to rulers;
in Prussia;
in France.
Mirabeau.
Moltke.
Montenegro,
origin of;
declares war on Austria.
Monroe Doctrine.
Moors.
Murat.

Napoleon III.
Netherlands, foundation of kingdom of.
Newspapers, control of.
Normans.
Norway,
joined to Sweden;
danger from Germany;
vigorously protests submarine warfare.
Novibazar, the Sanjak of.

Ostrogoths.

Paris, siege of.
Peace,
German offer of;
Allies' terms of;
United States' desire for;
Russo-German conference toward;
German desire for.
Peasants,
attached to the land;
support fighting classes.
Peter the Great.
Poland,
kingdom of;
partition of;
given largely to Russia;
revolutions in.
Preparation for war
Prussia,
origin of kingdom of;
crushed by Napoleon;
dominated by Bismarck.

Rasputin;
assists Sturmer;
is killed.
Reichstag.
Reign of Terror.
Republic,
first French;
second French;
third French.
Robber chiefs.
Roman Empire, beginnings of.
Romansh people.
Rome, wars of, with Carthage.
Roon.
Rothschild, the banking house of.
Roumani.
Roumania;
hopes of;
population of;
declares war on Austria;
is crushed between two armies.
Russia,
rise of;
attacks Turkey;
policy of;
relations with Bulgaria;
defends Serbia;
ignorance of the people of;
revolution in;
controlled by the Bolsheviki.
Ruthenians.

Sarrail,
sent to Salonika;
watching Bulgars and Greeks.
Saxons.
Saxony,
annexed in part to Prussia;
allied to Austria.
Salonika, Spanish Jews in.
Sardinia, kingdom of.
Schleswig.
Scutari.
Serbia,
trade with Austria;
relations with Bulgaria;
trouble with Austria;
attacked on three sides.
Serbs,
origin of;
lands of;
language of.
Sicilies, Kingdom of the Two.
Silesia, seizure of.
Slavic tribes.
Slovaks.
Slovenes.
Sobieski, John, king of Poland.
Socialists,
in Germany;
in Italy.
Spain,
origin of;
drives out "unbelievers,";
becomes a republic.
Submarine boats
sink British warships;
sink merchant ships;
sink the Lusitania;
cross the Atlantic;
begin to sink all ships without warning;
kill Americans;
sink Norwegian ships.
Suevi.
Sturmer chosen prime minister of Russia.
Sweden, decline of.

Talleyrand.
Trentino.
Tunis, seized by France.
Turkey,
defended by France and England;
attacks Russia.
Turks;
capture Constantinople;