the survival of
those ethnic elements which are most richly endowed in these respects.
At the same time the earlier--acquired, more generic habits of the race
have never ceased to have some usefulness for the purpose of the life of
the collectivity and have never fallen into definitive abeyance. It may
be worth while to point out that the dolicho-blond type of European man
seems to owe much of its dominating influence and its masterful position
in the recent culture to its possessing the characteristics of predatory
man in an exceptional degree. These spiritual traits, together with
a large endowment of physical energy--itself probably a result of
selection between groups and between lines of descent--chiefly go to
place any ethnic element in the position of a leisure or master
class, especially during the earlier phases of the development of the
institution of a leisure class. This need not mean that precisely the
same complement of aptitudes in any individual would insure him an
eminent personal success. Under the competitive regime, the conditions
of success for the individual are not necessarily the same as those for
a class. The success of a class or party presumes a strong element of
clannishness, or loyalty to a chief, or adherence to a tenet; whereas
the competitive individual can best achieve his ends if he combines the
barbarian's energy, initiative, self-seeking and disingenuousness with
the savage's lack of loyalty or clannishness. It may be remarked by the
way, that the men who have scored a brilliant (Napoleonic) success on
the basis of an impartial self-seeking and absence of scruple, have
not uncommonly shown more of the physical characteristics of the
brachycephalic-brunette than of the dolicho-blond. The greater
proportion of moderately successful individuals, in a self-seeking way,
however, seem, in physique, to belong to the last-named ethnic element.

The temperament induced by the predatory habit of life makes for the
survival and fullness of life of the individual under a regime of
emulation; at the same time it makes for the survival and success of the
group if the group's life as a collectivity is also predominantly a life
of hostile competition with other groups. But the evolution of economic
life in the industrially more mature communities has now begun to take
such a turn that the interest of the community no longer coincides with
the emulative interests of the individual. In their corporate c