oad Field for the Class
Struggle," by Hysni Kapo, in _Rruga e Partise_ (Party Path),
Tirana, 1970. (JPRS: 50,200, _Translations on Eastern
Europe, Political, Sociological and Military Affairs_, No.
198, 1970.)

"Some Problems of the Academic, Cultural, and Aesthetic
Education of Youth," by Ismail Hoxha, in _Nendori_
(November), Tirana, 1967. (JPRS: 43,672, _Translations on
Eastern Europe, Political, Sociological, and Military
Affairs_, 1967.)

(The periodical, _Ekonomia Popullore_ [Tirana], November to December
1965, was used in the preparation of this book.)

GLOSSARY

Albanian Workers' Party--The Communist Party of Albania. This name
adopted by the First Party Congress in 1948.

basic party organization--The Albanian Workers' Party unit established
in state enterprises and institutions, on collective or cooperative
farms, and in military organizations. In some Communist states--for
example, the Soviet Union--the equivalent is a primary party
organization.

Bektashi--A dervish order, offshoot of the Shia branch of Islam,
emphasizing abstinence from violence and charity to all people.

_besa_--A pledge to faithfully fulfill an obligation or promise.
Formerly used to effect a truce during hostilities involving clans or
conflicts between individuals.

_bey_--The head of a feudal estate or an administrative official under
the Turks. Became the dominant class after Albanian independence in
1912. Also formerly used as a title of respect.

CEMA--Council for Economic Mutual Assistance; members: Bulgaria,
Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Mongolia, Poland, and the Soviet
Union.

civil war--The hostilities from September 1943 to November 1944 in which
partisans of the Communist-led National Liberation Front fought the two
principal anti-Communist organizations, Balli Kombetar (National Front)
and Levizja e Legalitetit (Legality Movement).

clan--An organization that included several families and provided
controls as stipulated by unwritten codes. In 1945 the clans were broken
up by the Communist regime.

collective or cooperative--An organization in which members retain only
their personal effects; all other belongings become community property.
Production from group efforts goes into a common fund. Members are paid
on the basis of their contribution of work units.

Cominform--Communist Information Bureau. International organization of
Communis