creasing the resistance the problem is solved.

The progress of the student in this, as in everything in voice training,
depends upon _the ear of the teacher_. The untrained ear of the student
is an unreliable guide. The sensitive ear of the teacher must at all
times be his guide. The belief that every one knows a good tone when he
hears it has no foundation in fact. If the student's concept of tone
were perfect he would not need a teacher. He would have the teacher
within himself. Every one knows what he likes, and what he likes is of
necessity his standard at that particular time, but it is only the
measure of his taste and may be different the next day.

All things in voice training find their court of last resort in the ear
of the teacher. All other knowledge is secondary to this. He may believe
any number of things that are untrue about the voice, but if he have a
thoroughly refined ear it will prevent him from doing anything wrong.
His ear is his taste, his musical sense, and it is his musical sense,
his musical judgment, that does the teaching.

So in building the head voice the teacher must see to it that musical
quality is never sacrificed for power. A full tone is worse than
useless, unless the quality is musical and this can never be
accomplished until the vocal instrument is free from resistance.

Exercise No. 3 should be transposed upward by half steps, but never
beyond the point at which it can be practiced comfortably.

As tension shows most in the upper part of the voice the student should
have, as a part of his daily practice, exercises which release the voice
as it rises. Use the following:

[Illustration: Exercise No. 4]

Begin with medium power and diminish to _pp_ as indicated. The upper
tone must not only be sung softly, but the throat must be entirely free.
There must be no sense of holding the tone.

Transpose to the top of the voice.

[Illustration: Exercise No. 5]

No. 5 is for the same purpose as No. 4 but in an extended form. Begin
with rather full voice and diminish to _pp_ ascending. Increase to full
voice descending.

Continue the building of the upper voice using the complete scale.

[Illustration: Exercise No. 6]

Thus far in preparing the head voice we have used the vowels _oo_ and
_o_. We may proceed to the vowel _ah_ in the following way. Using Ex.
No. 6 first sing _o_ with loose but somewhat rounded lips. When this
tone is well established sing _o_ with the same qualit