strations
occurred in Petrograd on May 3d and 4th. These demonstrations were
directed distinctly against Miliukov. Detachments of soldiers and
workmen gathered in front of the headquarters of the Provisional
Government, carrying banners, with inscriptions "Down with Miliukov!
Down with the Provisional Government!" Miliukov appealed to the crowd
for confidence, and his words were greeted with hearty cheering.

The Soviet Council ultimately voted confidence in the government by a
narrow margin of 35 in a total of 2,500. But the agitation against the
government persisted, and on May 16th Miliukov resigned. General
Kornilov, Commander of the Petrograd Garrison, and Guchkov, Minister of
War, finding their control of the army weakened by the interference of
the Soviet Council, also resigned.

The situation became critical. As a result of this agitation a new
coalition government was formed. Prince Lvov remained Prime Minister.
Terestchenko became Foreign Minister. Most significant of all, Kerensky
became the Minister of War. The new government issued a new declaration
of policy, promising a firm support of the war with Germany, and an
effort to call together at the earliest possible date a Constituent
Assembly to deal with questions of land and of finance. This manifesto
was received coldly by the Soviets and their press.

It was at this time that the Allies sent special missions to Russia to
aid the Russian Government in forwarding the fight against the common
enemy. The American mission to Russia was headed by Elihu Root, former
Secretary of State. It was cordially received, and housed in the former
Winter Palace of the Czar. On June 15th the American Ambassador, David
R. Francis, presented the Root mission to the Council of Ministers in
the Marinsky Palace, and Mr. Root made an eloquent address, declaring
the sympathy of the American Republic with the new Russian Democracy. He
declared that the liberty of both nations was in danger. "The armed
forces of military autocracy are at the gates of Russia and the Allies.
The triumph of Germans will mean the death of liberty in Russia. No
enemy is at the gates of America, but America has come to realize that
the triumph of German arms means the death of Liberty in the world."

At Moscow Mr. Root addressed representatives of the Zemstvo and the
local Council of the Workmen and Soldiers. He was warmly applauded, and
on motion of the Mayor a telegram was sent to President Wilson,