216

THE "MERRIMAC" AND "MONITOR" DRAWN TO THE SAME SCALE 222

LISSA. Battle formation of the Austrian Fleet 241

BATTLE OF LISSA. The Austrian attack at the beginning
of the battle 244

BATTLE OF THE YALU (1). The Japanese attack 264

BATTLE OF THE YALU (2). End of the fight 264

BATTLE OF SANTIAGO. Showing places where the Spanish
ships were destroyed 290

BATTLE OF TSU-SHIMA. Sketch-map to show the extent of the
waters in which the first part of the fight took place 321

BATTLE OF TSU-SHIMA. General map 322

BATTLE OF TSU-SHIMA. Diagrams of movements during the
fighting of May 27th 326

FROM SALAMIS TO TSU-SHIMA

CHAPTER I

SALAMIS

B.C. 480

The world has lost all record of the greatest of its inventors--the
pioneers who in far-off ages devised the simple appliances with which men
tilled the ground, did their domestic work, and fought their battles for
thousands of years. He who hung up the first weaver's beam and shaped the
first rude shuttle was a more wonderful inventor than Arkwright. The maker
of the first bow and arrow was a more enterprising pioneer than our
inventors of machine-guns. And greater than the builders of "Dreadnoughts"
were those who "with hearts girt round with oak and triple brass" were the
first to trust their frail barques to "the cruel sea." No doubt the
hollowed tree trunk, and the coracle of osiers and skins, had long before
this made their trial trips on river and lake. Then came the first ventures
in the shallow sea-margins, and at last a primitive naval architect built
up planked bulwarks round his hollowed tree trunk, and stiffened them with
ribs of bent branches, and the first ship was launched.

This evolution of the ship must have been in progress independently in more
places than one. We are most concerned with its development in that eastern
end of the land-locked Mediterranean, which is the meeting-place of so
many races, and around which so much of what is most momentous in the
world's history has happened. There seems good reason for believing that
among the pioneers in early naval construction were the men of that
marvellous people of old Egypt to whom the world's civil