lsheviki rule, the
Jewish population, not to speak of very insignificant
exceptions, is suffering and starving.

The Bolshevist regime has destroyed the industries and the
trade, and the Jewish population, which made its living mostly
through participation in the industrial and commercial life, is
suffering probably more than other nationalities. At the same
time, the Bolsheviki are persecuting all religions, and the
Jewish religious institutions have suffered from their despotic
rule not less than the institutions of the Christian religion.

The anti-Semites are making very wide use of the fact that
Trotzky is a Jew, but the participation of several Jews among
the Bolshevist leaders does not nullify the fact that the
Russian Jewry, in its overwhelming majority, struggles actively
against Bolshevism. _It is significant that Bolshevism spread
mostly in central and eastern Russia where the Jews constitute
an insignificant minority._

It is a significant fact that the only Socialist elected to the United
States Congress in the recent election, Meyer London, a Russian-born
Jew, is a vigorous opponent of Bolshevism. In view of such evidence as
the foregoing, it is surely not less than ridiculous to attempt to
make Bolshevism appear as a phase of Jewish Socialism, and a part of a
world-wide Jewish conspiracy, instead of what it is--namely, the wild
anarchical outburst of despairing and desperate masses of men. I
venture to say that when the history of this tragic episode in the
life of Russia is authoritatively written, it will be found that Jews
have not been responsible for the most objectionable features of
Bolshevism. Not even Trotzky need be excluded from this
generalization, for, while it is true that his genius made Bolshevism
the formidable military power it became, the brutal excesses of the
Red Terror must be charged against such men as Peters, the Lett, and
Dzerzhinsky, the Pole.

FOOTNOTES:

[1] see the articles published in the New York pro-Bolshevist weekly,
_Die Neue Welt_, June 27, July 4 and 11, 1919.

VI

BOLSHEVISM AND THE JEWS

No one who knows how the Jews of Russia, in common with the rest of
the population, have suffered from Bolshevist misrule will be likely
to give credence to the theory that Bolshevism is part of a Jewish
conspiracy. As everybody knows, Jews made up a very considerable part
of the commercial class in