y large, white,
and conspicuously fringed with the long free cilia of the bud-scales.
Leaves in fascicles of 3, from 20 to 45 cm. long, rigid; resin-ducts
internal, hypoderm biform, endoderm with thin outer walls. Conelets
short-mucronate. Cones from 15 to 20 cm. long, narrow, tapering from a
rounded base to a blunt point, symmetrical, deciduous and usually
leaving a few scales on the tree; apophyses dull nut-brown, elevated
along a transverse keel, the umbo salient and forming the broad base of
a small persistent prickle.

Its thin sap-wood, its very strong heavy wood of large dimensions with
abundant resin of excellent quality make this the most valuable
species of the genus. It ranges over the sandy plain that borders the
Atlantic and the Gulf of Mexico, from southeastern Virginia to eastern
Texas. The northern limit is approximately the centre of the Southern
and Gulf States, with a northern extension in Alabama to the base of
the Appalachian Mountains and to northwestern Louisiana. Its southern
limit lies near the centre of the Florida peninsula.

Among its associates this species is recognized by its large white
fringed bud and its elongated cone. Its leaves attain, on vigorous
trees, the maximum length among Pines, but on most trees the leaves do
not differ in length from the longer forms of those of P. caribaea or
P. taeda. A peculiarity, which it shares with P. caribaea, is the
deciduous scaly bark of mature trees, constantly falling away in thin
irregular scales.

Plate XXVIII.

Figs. 242, 243, Cones and seed. Fig. 244, Bud. Fig. 245, Magnified
leaf-section. Fig. 246, Magnified cells of the leaf-endoderm. The
dermal tissues of fig. 249 also apply to this species.

[Illustration: PLATE XXVIII. P. PALUSTRIS (242-246), OCCIDENTALIS
(247-249)]

44. PINUS CARIBAEA

1851 P. caribaea Morelet in Rev. Hort. Cote d'Or, i. 105.
1864 P. bahamensis Grisebach, Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 503.
1880 P. Elliottii Engelmann in Trans. Acad. St. Louis, iv. 186,
tt. 1-3.
1884 P. cubensis Sargent in Rep. 10th. Cens. U. S. ix. 202
(not Grisebach).
1893 P. heterophylla Sudworth in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, xx. 45.
1903 P. recurvata Rowley in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, xxx. 107.

Spring-shoots multinodal, more or less pruinose. Buds pale
chestnut-brown. Leaves in fascicles of 2 and 3, or more in its southern
range, from 12 to 25 cm. long;