subconscious, we
have a right to suppose that the subliminal influences the
communications in turn. And this is apparently proved by the facts.

21. Now a few words as to the psychological processes of communicating,
and the interplay of minds one with another, which figure in this
process. Writing of this, Dr. Hyslop says:

"Psychology distinguishes between what it calls visuals, audiles,
and motiles. A visual is one in which visual experiences receive
such emphasis, and which prove to be of such predominant interest
to the subject that his habit of thinking about objects is
expressed mentally or mnemonically in visual terms--that is, in
the memory pictures of vision.... An audile is one in whom the
sense of hearing is predominant. [In motiles the impulse is towards
motor action.]

"Suppose the psychic is a visual and the communicator an audile,
might not that difference make a marked difficulty in the
adjustment necessary for communicating clearly?... A visual might
see apparitions more easily, and have more difficulty in automatic
writing; and an audile might easily hear voices and write with more
difficulty, etc.... A proper name is purely an auditory concept. It
has no visual equivalent whatever, except the letters which form
it. If, then, the process of communication at any time involves a
dominant dependence on visual functions of the mind, the sudden
attempt to interpose an auditory datum might meet with the
difficulty of prompt adjustment to auditory conditions for its
transmission, and it might even be that the psychic could not, from
habit in visual methods, adjust herself to all the needs of a
proper name, except by converting it readily into visual terms, as
the spelling of the name would express....

"In the lighter trance it is clear that visual phenomena play a
most important part in the communications. With Mrs. Piper the
phenomena seem to be more auditory. Mrs. Piper never sees
apparitions or phantasms in her normal state; none have been
reported of her as systematic experiences, as I have observed them
in Mrs. Chenoweth....

"What we gain in clearness of consciousness in the communications
when the message comes through the active subliminal of the medium,
we lose in the accuracy and specific value of the message, while
what we gain