n forces in modern literature, viewed from a special
standpoint. And the standpoint adopted may, it is hoped, prove
suggestive, though it does not pretend to be exhaustive.

If the papers on Hazlitt and De Quincey are more fragmentary than the
others, it is because these writers have been already discussed by the
author in a previous volume. It has been thought unnecessary to repeat
the points raised there, and these studies may be regarded therefore as
at once supplementary and complementary.

My cordial thanks are due to Mr. Theodore Watts-Dunton, who has taken so
kindly and friendly an interest in this little volume. He was good
enough to read the proofs, and to express his appreciation, especially of
the Borrow and Thoreau articles, in most generous terms. I had hoped,
indeed, that he would have honoured these slight studies by a prefatory
note, and he had expressed a wish to do so. Unhappily, prior claims upon
his time prevented this. The book deals largely, it will be seen, with
those "Children of the Open Air" about whom the eloquent author of
_Aylwin_ so often has written. I am especially glad, therefore, to quote
(with Mr. Watts-Dunton's permission) his fine sonnet, where the
"Vagabond" spirit in its happiest manifestation is expressed.

"A TALK ON WATERLOO BRIDGE
"THE LAST SIGHT OF GEORGE BORROW

"We talked of 'Children of the Open Air,'
Who once on hill and valley lived aloof,
Loving the sun, the wind, the sweet reproof
Of storms, and all that makes the fair earth fair,
Till, on a day, across the mystic bar
Of moonrise, came the 'Children of the Roof,'
Who find no balm 'neath evening's rosiest woof,
Nor dews of peace beneath the Morning Star.
We looked o'er London, where men wither and choke,
Roofed in, poor souls, renouncing stars and skies,
And lore of woods and wild wind prophecies,
Yea, every voice that to their fathers spoke:
And sweet it seemed to die ere bricks and smoke
Leave never a meadow outside Paradise." {0}

A. R.

London, _October_, 1906

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION
THE VAGABOND ELEMENT IN MODERN LITERATURE
I Explanation of the term Vagabond 3
First note of the Vagabond
temperament--restlessness
II S