on tertiary strata of Italy, 42.

Oersted, discoveries of, 543.

Ogygian deluge, 349, 356.

Ohio, junction of, with Mississippi, 264.

Oldham, Mr., on raised sea beaches in Ireland, 122.

Old red sandstone formation, fossils of, 135, 193.

Old red sandstone, reptile in, 135.

Olivi on fossil remains, 22.

Omar, an Arabian writer, 17.

Ontario, Lake, distance from Niagara, 216.

Oolite, fossils of the, 137.

Oolitic structure, recent, in Lancerote, &c., 439.

Orang-outang, change of, to man, 575.

Orbigny, M. A. de, on Pampean mud, 170.

Organic remains, controversy as to real nature of, 19.
----, imbedding of. _See_ Fossillzation.
----, importance of the study of, 60.
----, abrupt transition from those of the secondary to those
of the tertiary rocks, 120.
----, _See_ also Fossils.

Oriental philosophers, 10.

Oriental cosmogony, 7.

Orkney Islands, waste of, 301.

Orleans, New, ground sinking, 268.
----, trunks of trees in soil of delta, 268.

Osseous breccias, 735, 736, 741.

Otaheite, coral reefs of, 784, 786.

Oujein, buried Indian city, 729.

Ouse, R., has filled up an arm of the Sea, 744.

Ovid cited, 10, 345.

Owen, Prof., on bones of turtles, 772.
----, on the dog and wolf, 584.
----, on tertiary mammalia, 142, 144.
----, quoted, 184.
----, teeth of mammoth, 78.
----, on British fossil mammalia and birds, 137.

Owhyhee, 787.

Oysters, &c., thrown ashore alive by storm, 773.
----, migrations of, 652.

P.

Pacific Ocean, depth of, 104.
----, its height above the Atlantic, 294.
----, subsidence greater than elevation in, 787.
----, coral and volcanic islands of, 354, 776, 780, 787.

Palaeotherium of Isle of Wight, 142.

Palestine shaken by earthquakes, 355.

Palissy on organic remains, 23.

Pallas on mountains of Siberia, 45.
----, on Caspian Sea, 45.
----, on fossil bones of Siberia, 45, 78, 80.
----, cited, 333.

Palmer, Mr., on shingle beaches, 313, 320.

Palms, rare in carboniferous group, 88.

Pampas, gradual rise of, 170.

Panama, tides in Bay of, 295.

Papandayang, eruption of, 493.
----, its cone truncated, 493.

Papyrus rolls in Herculaneum, 392.

Paradise, Burnet on seat of, 32.

Parana, R., animals drifted down on rafts by, 641.
----, animals drowned in, 696.

Paris basin, formations of the, 121.
----, fossil