rea over which it may be transported by currents, 343.

Sedimentary deposition, causes which occasion a shifting of the areas
of, 189.

Seeds, vitality of, 587.
----, of Leguminosae adapted for water-carriage, 622.

Serapis, temple of, 507.
----, ground-plan of environs of, 507.
----, date of its re-elevation, 512.
----, now again subsiding, 516.
----, worship of, in Italy, 512.

Serres, E. R. A., on changes in brain of foetus, 609.

Serres, E. Marcel de, on fossil human remains, 738.

Severn, tides in estuary of, 291.
----, gain of land in its estuary, 324.

Shakspeare's cliff, waste of, 314.

"Shambles," a shoal off Portland Bill, 32.

Sharpe, Mr. D., on earthquake of Lisbon, 496.

Sheep, multiplication of, in South America, 686.

Shell marl, fossils in, 752, 766, 769.

Shells, fossil of older strata buried in newer or recent beds, 775.
_See_ Testacea.

Sheppey, waste of cliffs, 312.

Shetland Islands, action of the sea on, 298.
----, rock masses drifted by sea in, 298.
----, effect of lightning on rocks in, 299.
----, formation in progress near, 774.

Shingle beaches, 318, 320.

Ships, number of British, wrecked annually, 754, 755.
----, fossil, 316, 725, 758.

Siberia, rhinoceros entire in frozen soil of, 45, 82.
----, map of, 79.
----, the Bengal tiger found in, 78.
----, lowland of, 78, 83, 85.
----, drift timber on coast of, 745.

Siberian lowlands, climate of, 83.
----, mammoths, 80.

Sicily, earthquakes in, 357, 470, 477, 479, 503, 736.
----, geological structure of, 74, 167, 183.
----, mud volcanoes of, 447.

Sienna, fossil shells of, 39, 74.

Sigillariae, structure of, 88.

Silex, deposited by springs, 246.

Silliman, Professor, cited, 759.

Silurian rocks, wide range of the fossils, 160.
----, fauna, no land or freshwater plants in, 134.
----, horizontal, 187.
----, altered, 177.
----, strata formed in deep seas, 117.

Simeto, R., lava excavated by, 213.

Sindree, changes caused by earthquakes of 1819, near, 461, 464, 761.
----, view of the fort of, before the earthquake (_see_ Pl. xi.),
461.
----, its appearance in 1838, 463.

Skaptar Jokul, eruption of, 425.

Slave Lake, drift timber in, 743.

Sleswick, waste of coast of, 330, 694.

Sligo, bursting of a peat-moss in, 724.

Sloane, Sir H., on earthquake in Jamaica, 505.
----, on d