cited on that side of the
Channel." "He is above all," he added, "in our eyes the representative
of those sentiments and those cosmopolitan principles before which
national frontiers and rivalries disappear; whilst essentially of his
country, he was still more of his time; he knew what mutual relations
could accomplish in our day for the prosperity of peoples. Cobden, if I
may be permitted to say so, was an international man."

He was buried at West Lavington church, on the 7th of April. His grave
was surrounded by a large crowd of mourners, among whom were Gladstone,
Bright, Milner Gibson, Charles Villiers and a host besides from all
parts of the country. In 1866 the Cobden Club was founded in London, to
promote free-trade economics, and it became a centre for political
propaganda on those lines; and prizes were instituted in his name at
Oxford and Cambridge.

Cobden had married in 1840 Miss Catherine Anne Williams, a Welsh lady,
and left five surviving daughters, of whom Mrs Cobden-Unwin (wife of the
publisher Mr Fisher Unwin), Mrs Walter Sickert (wife of the painter) and
Mrs Cobden-Sanderson (wife of the well-known artist in bookbinding),
afterwards became prominent in various spheres, and inherited their
father's political interest. His only son died, to Cobden's
inexpressible grief, at the age of fifteen, in 1856.

The work of Cobden, and what is now called "Cobdenism," has in recent
years been subjected to much criticism from the newer school of English
economists who advocate a "national policy" (on the old lines of
Alexander Hamilton and Friedrich List) as against his cosmopolitan
ideals. But it remains the fact that his success with the free-trade
movement was for years unchallenged, and, that the leaps and bounds with
which English commercial prosperity advanced after the repeal of the
corn-laws were naturally associated with the reformed fiscal policy, so
that the very name of protectionism came to be identified with all that
was not merely heterodox but hateful. The tariff reform movement in
England started by Mr Chamberlain (_q.v._) had the result of giving new
boldness to the opponents of Manchesterism, and the whole subject once
more became controversial (see FREE TRADE; CORN LAWS; PROTECTION;
TARIFF; ECONOMICS). Cobden has left a deep mark on English history, but
he was not himself a "scientific economist," and many of his confident
prophecies were completely falsified. As a manufacturer, and with the