84. War in India and in the Indian waters 236
Quarrel between Fox and Shelburne 238
July, 1782. Shelburne forms a ministry 240
30 Nov. Preliminaries of peace between Great Britain
and America 241
The American loyalists 242
3 Sept., 1783. Definitive treaty of Versailles 242
State of parties in parliament 243
The coalition between Fox and North 244
April. The Coalition ministry 245
May. Pitt's motion for parliamentary reform 246
Warren Hastings in India 247
Nov.-Dec. Fox's India bills 249
Dec. The Coalition ministry dismissed; Pitt prime
minister 251
Struggle on the question of a dissolution 251
25 Mar., 1784. Parliament dissolved 254
General election: "Fox's martyrs" 254

CHAPTER XIII.

SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC PROGRESS, 1760-1801.

General character of the period 255
Amusements, gambling, racing, the drama, etc. 256
Travelling and the state of the roads 258
Literature: poetry, fiction, and serious prose
works 259
The arts, architecture, painting, etc. 262
Natural science 263
Voyages of discovery 263
Religion 264
The criminal law 265
The prisons and transportation 266
The police system 267
Increase of trade and manufactures 268
The mercantile system and _laissez-faire_ 269
Steam and water power: iron manufacture 270
Canals