ence
for it is that of Aust in _Mythological Lexicon_, _s.v._
"Iuppiter," p. 656 foll. See also M.H. Morgan in vol.
xxxii. of _Transactions of the American Philological
Association_, p. 104.

[88] Tertullian, _de Jejun_. 16. Petronius, _Sat._ 44,
adds that the matrons went in the procession with bare
feet and streaming hair (cp. Pliny xvii. 266); but this
seems rather Greek than Roman in character, and
Petronius is plainly thinking of the town (_colonia_ he
calls it) in southern Italy where the scene of
Trimalchio's supper is laid; probably a Greek city by
origin, Croton or Cumae. A translation of this passage
will be found in Dill's _Roman Society from Nero to
Marcus Aurelius_, p. 133. The most useful words in it
for our purpose are "Jovem aquam exorabant."

[89] This suggestion was originally made by O. Gilbert,
_Roem. Topographie_, ii. 184.

[90] p. 204 foll.

[91] p. 657. The story is mixed up with Greek fables,
_e.g._ that of Proteus, as Wissowa has pointed out,
_R.K._ p. 106, note 10.

[92] See Schanz, _Gesch. der roem. Literatur_, vol. i.
(ed. 3) p. 270 foll.

[93] This fragment of Piso is preserved by Gellius, xi.
14. 1.

[94] See, _e.g._, Schanz, _Gesch. der roem. Literatur_,
vol. ii. p. 106.

[95] Wissowa, _l.c._ Aust in Roscher's _Lexicon_, _s.v._
"Iuppiter," p. 657.

[96] Cumont, _Religions Orientales dans le paganisme
romain_, ch. 5. I shall return to this subject in my
second course of lectures.

[97] Mueller-Deecke, _Etrusker_, ii. ch. vii., especially
p. 176 foll.

[98] Cp. below, Lecture XV.

[99] Pliny, _N.H._ xxviii. 13: "Vestales nostras hodie
credimus nondum egressa urbe mancipia fugitiva retinere
in loco precationibus."

[100] Plutarch, _Numa_, 10. Virginity would increase the
power of the spell; see Fehrle, _Die kultische
Keuschheit im Altertum_, p. 54 foll.

[101] See, _e.g._, Frazer, _G.B._ i. 360 foll.

[102] See _R.F._ p. 320, notes 6 and 7.

[103] Within the last thirty years or so the Lupercalia
has been discussed (apart from writers on classical
subjects exclusively) by Mannhardt in his _Mythologische
Studien_, p. 72 foll.; Robertson Smith, _Semites_, p.
459; Deubner in _Archiv_, 1910, p. 481 foll.; and at the
moment of writing by E. S. Hartland, _Primitive
Paternit