part being done locally in the various places whence the
supplies are derived.

The memory of old associations is preserved in the street which
runs along the north side of the church, and still bears the
name of "Cloth Fair": and the site of "Pye Corner," where the
great fire of 1666 reached its limit, is marked by a tablet in
the wall, at the entrance to Cock Lane in Giltspur Street, a
short distance to the south-west. The place took its name from
the "Court of Pie-Powder," which was held during the fair here,
as at similar gatherings throughout the country, to deal
expeditiously with disturbers of the peace. The etymology is
traced to the old French _pied pouldre_, with supposed
reference to the dusty feet of pedlars and others who came
before the court--now extinguished in the more modern Petty
Sessions.

A lively description of the fair, in its palmy days, is given
in a tract, printed in 1641 for Richard Harper at the "Bible
and Harp" in Smithfield, entitled, "Bartholomew Fair, or
varieties of fancies, where you may find a faire of wares, and
all to please your mind, with the several enormityes and
misdemeanours which are there seen and heard."

Among the more gloomy associations of Smithfield are the
martyrdoms which took place there during the Marian persecution
of 1555-57. Of the victims, John Rogers, John Bradford, and
John Philpot are commemorated in a modern tablet let into the
wall of the hospital facing the square where they suffered. The
church to their memory, referred to in the inscription, is in
St. John Street Road, where it was built as a Chapel-of-Ease to
the parish church of St. John-of-Jerusalem, founded by the
Knights Hospitallers in 1185.

[9] The late Mr. J. H. Parker was inclined to think there was a
tower in each corner (though two only could be represented in
the seal), as was not unusual in France and elsewhere, but
rarely the case in England. (See his lecture delivered in the
church on 13th July, 1863.)

[10] _Vide_ "Henry VIII and the English Monasteries," by the
Rt. Rev. Abbot Gasquet, D.D., O.S.B., for an able statement of
the case for the communities: and an article by G. G. Perry
("Eng. Hist. Review," April, 1889), on "Episcopal Visitations
of the Austin Canons," for some cases of laxity.

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