ty, but the failure is
complete. New England has devoted years of toil and thousands of dollars
to accomplish this object, and the Quakers, and Franklin's Pennsylvania
society, spared neither time nor money. Statesmen, philanthropists, and
Christians have labored for years in the cause, but the case grows worse
with each succeeding census. State after State, including now a large
majority, forbid their introduction. The repugnance is invincible, and
the census of 1840 (as shown by the tables annexed to my Texas letter of
January, 1844) proved that one sixth of the negroes of the North are
supported by taxation of the whites--a sum which would soon colonize
them all. The free negroes, regarded here as an inferior caste, have no
adequate motive for industry or exertion. Each year, as their numbers
augment, intensifies the prejudice, invites collision in various
pursuits, with competition for wages, and renders colonization more
necessary. We must not any longer keep the free negro here in an
exhausted receiver, or mix the races, as chemical ingredients in a
laboratory, for the edification of experimental philosophers. Such
empiricism as regards the negro race, after our repeated failures, is
cruel and unjust. We have made the trial here for nearly a century, and
the race continues to retrograde. Compare their progress and condition
in America and Liberia, and what friend of the race or of humanity can
desire to retain them among us? The voice of nature and of experience
proclaims, that America is our home and Africa is theirs; and let us, in
a spirit of true kindness and sympathy for them, obey the mandate.

There will soon be a great change among the free blacks on this subject.
When Liberia shall expand and become a considerable power--when she
shall have great marts of commerce, and her flag shall float in our
harbors--when the Messages of her President, the reports of her Cabinet,
the debates in her Congress shall be read here, her ministers and
consuls be found among us, and the ambition of her race shall thus be
aroused, we shall probably have as great a negro exodus from our country
to Africa, as there ever was from Europe to America.

When the gold so profusely scattered through Africa shall reach our
shores, as also her rich and varied products, when our reciprocal
commerce shall be counted by millions of dollars, the home of their
ancestors will present irresistible attractions to the negro race.
Ceasing to be