Society edition.

[31] A natural transference of the familiar name in Spain for
Mohammedans.

[32] Morga, pp. 296-297.

[33] Footnote 32: Morga. p. 323.

[34] _Relacion de las Encomiendas existentes en Filipinas el dia 31
de Mayo de 1591_. in Retana: _Archivo del Bibliofilo Filipino_, iv,
pp. 39-112.

[35] Mendoza, _The History of the Great and Mighty Kingdom of
China_. Hakluyt Society edition, ii, p. 263.

[36] Printed in Retana's _Archivo_, iii, pp. 3-45.

[37] "Of little avail would have been the valor and constancy with
which Legaspi and his worthy companions overcame the natives of the
islands, if the apostolic zeal of the missionaries had not seconded
their exertions, and aided to consolidate the enterprise. The
latter were the real conquerors; they who without any other arms
than their virtues, gained over the good will of the islanders,
caused the Spanish name to be beloved, and gave the king, as it
were by a miracle, two millions more of submissive and Christian
subjects." Tomas de Comyn, _State of the Philippine Islands, etc.,_
translated by William Walton, London, 1821, p. 209. Comyn was the
general manager of the Royal Philippine Company for eight years in
Manila and is described by his latest editor, Senor del Pan, editor of
the _Revista de Filipinas_, as a man of "extensive knowledge especially
in the social sciences." Retana characterizes his book as "un libro
de merito extraordinario," Zuniga, ii, pp. 175-76. Mallat says:
"C'est par la seule influence de la religion que l'on a conquis les
Philippines, et cette influence pourra seule les conserver." _Les
Philippines, histoire, geographie, moeurs, agriculture, industrie
et commerce des Colonies espagnoles dans l'oceanie._ Par J. Mallat,
Paris, 1846, i, p. 40. I may say that this work seems to me the best
of all the modern works on the Philippines. The author was a man of
scientific training who went to the islands to study them after a
preparatory residence in Spain for two years.

[38] Morga, p. 325.

[39] Mallat, i, p. 389.

[40] Morga, p. 320.

[41] Mallat, i, pp. 382-385.

[42] Morga, p. 312. Mallat, ii, p. 240.

[43] Morga, p. 313. Mallat, ii, p. 244.

[44] The first regular hospital in the thirteen colonies was
the Pennsylvania Hospital, incorporated in 1751. Patients were
first admitted in 1752. Cornell, _History of Pennsylvania_,
pp. 409-411. There are references to a hospital in New Amsterdam
in 1658, but the New York hospita