s
and Croats in one political unit, and the excellent administration and
the schools left an undying memory of what might be if the Habsburgs
cared. Vodnik, the Slovene poet, sang of Illyria and her creator, but it
was the meteoric Croat, Ljudevit Gaj, in the thirties, who so eloquently
idealized it as he poured heated rhetoric into the camp of the
Magyars, who after the Diet of 1825 began their unfortunate policy
of Magyarization. Illyria, though short-lived, became the germ of the
Greater Croatia idea, which, with Greater Serbia, existed as the two,
not necessarily hostile, solutions of the Jugo-Slav problem down to the
Congress of Berlin. It was as yet a friendly rivalry with the possible
formation of two separate units. The occupation of Bosnia in 1878 led to
actual friction between them. On the other hand, the annexation of the
same province in 1908 had just the opposite effect, for from that time
the ultimate ideal was no longer Greater Croatia or Greater Serbia in
any selfish sense, but Jugo-slavia, because, to use a platitude, Bosnia
had scrambled the eggs. Evidence of the fairly amicable relations
between Slovenes, Croats, and Serbs at the time of Gaj is not lacking.
It was Gaj who reformed Croatian orthography on the basis of the
Serbian. Bleiweis and Vraz endeavored to do the same in Slovene.

The revolution of 1848 demonstrated still further the friendly relations
of these potential rivals as national unifiers. For the first time,
the Croats and Serbs publicly fraternized and showed that the seemingly
insurmountable barrier of religious difference tended to disappear in
the struggle for national independence. In this sense the events of
1848--when the hand of the foreign master was for the while taken
away--have given confident hope to those who believe that Jugo-Slav
differences are soluble. Jela[c]i[c], Ban of Croatia, the idol of the
Serbo-Croats, was proclaimed dictator and supported by the Croatian Diet
at Zagreb (Agram) and the Serbian assembly at Karlovac (Karlowitz). The
Serb Patriarch Raja[c]i[c] and the young and gifted Stratimirovi[c],
provisional administrator of the Serb Vojvodina, attended the Croatian
Diet and the High Mass where Bishop O[z]egovi[c] sang the Te Deum in Old
Slavic. After Gaj, Raja[c]i[c], and Stratimirovi[c] had failed at Vienna
and Pressburg to bend the dynasty or the defiant Kossuth, Jela[c]i[c]
was empowered to defend the monarchy and bring back the historical
rights of the