t balance:
$3.874 billion (2003)

Exports:
$8.759 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Exports - commodities:
crude oil and petroleum products, cotton, textiles, metal products,
chemicals

Exports - partners:
US 13.3%, Italy 12.3%, UK 7.9%, France 4.7%, Germany 4.7%, India
4.2% (2003)

Imports:
$14.75 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Imports - commodities:
machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, chemicals, wood products, fuels

Imports - partners:
US 13.6%, Germany 7.4%, Italy 7%, France 6.6%, China 4.8%, Saudi
Arabia 4.3% (2003)

Reserves of foreign exchange & gold:
$14.22 billion (2003)

Debt - external:
$30.34 billion (2003 est.)

Economic aid - recipient:
ODA, $1.2 billion (2001)

Currency:
Egyptian pound (EGP)

Currency code:
EGP

Exchange rates:
Egyptian pounds per US dollar - 5.8509 (2003), 4.4997 (2002), 3.973
(2001), 3.4721 (2000), 3.3953 (1999)

Fiscal year:
1 July - 30 June

Communications Egypt

Telephones - main lines in use:
8,735,700 (2003)

Telephones - mobile cellular:
5,797,500 (2003)

Telephone system:
general assessment: large system; underwent extensive upgrading
during 1990s and is reasonably modern; Internet access and cellular
service are available
domestic: principal centers at Alexandria, Cairo, Al Mansurah,
Ismailia, Suez, and Tanta are connected by coaxial cable and
microwave radio relay
international: country code - 20; satellite earth stations - 2
Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean), 1 Arabsat, and 1
Inmarsat; 5 coaxial submarine cables; tropospheric scatter to Sudan;
microwave radio relay to Israel; a participant in Medarabtel and a
signatory to Project Oxygen (a global submarine fiber-optic cable
system)

Radio broadcast stations:
AM 42 (plus 15 repeaters), FM 14, shortwave 3 (1999)

Radios:
20.5 million (1997)

Television broadcast stations:
98 (September 1995)

Televisions:
7.7 million (1997)

Internet country code:
.eg

Internet hosts:
3,401 (2004)

Internet Service Providers (ISPs):
50 (2000)

Internet users:
2.7 million (2003)

Transportation Egypt

Railways:
total: 5,063 km
standard gauge: 5,063 km 1.435-m gauge (62 km electrified) (2003)

Highways:
total: 64,000 km
paved: 49,984 km
unpaved: 14,016 km (1999 est.)

Waterways:
3,500 km
note: includes Nile River, Lake Nasser, Alexandria-Cairo Waterway,
and numerous smaller canals