to say Mass he prepares everything necessary in
the sacristy--the place or room near the altar where the sacred vessels
and vestments are kept, and where the priest vests. He takes the
chalice--that is, the long silver or gold goblet--out of its case; then
he covers it with a long, narrow, white linen cloth called a
purificator. Over this he places a small silver or gold plate called the
paten, on which he places a host--that is, a thin piece of white bread
prepared for Mass, perfectly round, and about the size of the bottom of
a small drinking glass. He then covers this host with a white card,
called a pall, after which he covers the chalice and all with a square
cloth or veil that matches the vestments. Then he puts on his own
vestments as follows: Over his shoulders the amice, a square, white
cloth. Next the alb, a long white garment reaching down to his feet. He
draws it about his waist with the cincture, or white cord. He places on
his left arm the maniple, a short, narrow vestment. Around his neck he
places the stole, a long, narrow vestment with a cross on each end. Over
all he places the chasuble, or large vestment with the cross on the
back. Lastly, he puts on his cap or biretta. Before going further I must
say something about the color and signification of the vestments. There
are five colors used, namely, white, red, green, violet, and black.
White signifies innocence, and is used on the feasts of Our Lord, of the
Blessed Virgin, and of some saints. Red signifies love, and is used on
the feasts of the Holy Ghost and of the martyrs. Green signifies hope,
and is used on Sundays from the Epiphany to Pentecost, unless some feast
requiring another color falls on Sunday. Violet signifies penance, and
is used in Advent and Lent. Black signifies sorrow, and is used on Good
Friday and in Masses for the dead. As regards the vestments themselves:
the amice signifies preparation to resist the attacks of the devil; the
alb is the symbol of innocence; the cincture of charity; the maniple of
penance; the stole of immortality; and the chasuble of love, by which we
are enabled to bear the light burden Our Lord is pleased to lay upon us.

Vested as described, when the candles have been lighted on the altar,
the priest takes the covered chalice in his hand and goes to the altar,
where, after arranging everything, he begins Mass. After saying many
prayers, he uncovers the chalice, and the acolyte or altar boy brings up
wine and w