untry, but of the whole world, has also a Cabinet, but it is not
called by that name: it is called the Sacred College of Cardinals. There
are seventy cardinals, to whom the Pope assigns various works in helping
him to govern the Church. Some of these cardinals are in different parts
of the world, as our own cardinals right here in America. There are
cardinals in England, France, Germany, Canada, Spain, etc., but a
certain number always remain in Rome with the Holy Father. When a bishop
is made cardinal he is raised in dignity in the Church, but he does not
receive any greater spiritual power than he had when only a bishop. The
cardinals, owing to their high dignity, have many privileges which
bishops have not. Their greatest privilege is to take part in the
election of a new Pope when the reigning Pope dies.

The Pope dresses in white, the cardinals in red, the bishops in purple,
and the priests and other ministers in black. A "Monsignor" is also a
title of dignity granted by our Holy Father to some worthy priests. It
gives them certain privileges, and the right to wear purple like a
bishop. The "Vicar General" is one who is appointed by the bishop in the
diocese, and shares his power. In the bishop's absence he acts as bishop
in all temporal and worldly matters and also in some spiritual things,
concerning the diocese. A diocese is the extent of country over which a
bishop is appointed to rule, as a parish is the extent over which a
pastor is appointed to administer the Sacraments and rule under the
direction of the bishop. Pastors are also called rectors. Pastor means a
shepherd, and rector means a ruler; and as all pastors rule their
flocks, pastor and rector mean about the same.

An archbishop is higher than a bishop, though he has no more spiritual
power than a bishop. The district over which an archbishop rules
contains several dioceses with their bishops, and is called an
ecclesiastical province. The bishops in the province are called
suffragan bishops, because subject in some things to the authority of
the archbishop, who is also called the metropolitan, because bishop of a
metropolis or chief city of the province over which he presides.

The archbishop can wear the pallium, a garment worn by the Pope, and
sent by him to patriarchs, primates, and archbishops. It is a band of
white wool, worn over the shoulders and around the neck after the manner
of a stole. It has two strings of the same material and four blac